480 Ohit'uary — Professor Sven Loven. 



Geological and Palgeontographical Societies for some years, and was 

 a local secretary of the latter society. Mr. Carter presented his 

 collection of Cambridge fossils to the Woodwardiau Museum some 

 years before his death. — (^H. W. and Atlienceum.) 



PROFESSOR SVEN LOVEN, 



OF STOCKHOLM. 

 Born January 6th, 1809. Died Septembee, 3rd, 1895. 



Another distinguished biologist has just passed away, one out of 

 a number of those whose births have made famous the beginning 

 of this century, now so nearly expired. Loven of Stockholm may 

 well take rank with Owen of London, Milne-Edwards of Paris, 

 Siebold of Munich, and Van Beneden of Louvain, as one of the great 

 pioneers of natural science. 



Loven was born at Stockholm in 1809, and matriculated at 

 Upsala, taking the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University 

 of Lund. In 1830 he became a Docent of the University, and, 

 after having attended the lectures of Ehrenberg and Eitter at Berlin, 

 he devoted himself to the study of the marine fauna of the shores of 

 Scandinavia, explored the Baltic and North Seas, and conducted the 

 first scientific expedition to Spitzbergen in 1837. Loven was elected 

 Professor of Geology and Keeper of the Invertebrata in the Natural 

 History Museum in Stockholm in 1841. In 1868 the University of 

 Lund conferred upon him the degree of M.D. honoris causa. 



As early as 1835 we find him writing upon the hydroid zoophytes ; 

 in 1846 he published an Index of the MoUusca of the Western Shores 

 of Scandinavia, and devoted himself to the study of the development 

 of mollusca. Later on in life he made a minute examination of the 

 structure of Echinoderms, on which he published several beautifully 

 illustrated memoirs. 



Writing at first in Swedish or in German, he gave, later on, his 

 results in Fi-ench, but for the closing years of his laborious life he 

 wrote in English. As the chief of an important department of 

 the Zoological Museum at Stockholm, he brought his exhibited 

 specimens to a high degree of artistic beauty, and it was in virtue 

 of this position, and not because of any connection with a University, 

 that he was, secundum mores Scanice, known as Professor. 



His researches on the anatomy and physiology and the geo- 

 graphical distribution of the marine invertebrata, gained for him 

 election as a Member of the Academy of Stockholm in 1840. He 

 was made a Corresponding Member of the Institute of France in 

 1872; a Foreign Member of the Geological Society of London in 

 1882, and of the Eoyal Society of London in 188-5. He resigned 

 his connection with the Museum a few years since, the burden of 

 bodily pains being too great for his advancing years, rendered sad 

 by the early death of a son of great promise. Those, however, who 

 had been brought into personal contact with him felt that so long 

 as Loven lived they had a real friend. His charming geniality and 

 his remarkable kindness to men much younger than himself made 

 a deep and lasting impression on all who had the pleasure to know 

 him personally. — (In part from the Athenaiim, Sept. 14th, 1895.)^ 



