88 PETROLOGICAL ABSTRACTS AND REVIEWS 
and sketch maps of their locations are given in very complete form, 
running through fifty pages of the book. The volume is concluded 
with a catalogue of volcanoes which have been active within historic 
times. Three hundred and sixty-seven are recorded with their names, 
latitude and longitude, absolute and relative height, and dates of erup- 
tion. As the author says in his introduction, the observations upon 
which the determination of activity is based are of very unequal value. 
For example, it may be noted that in the United States Mt. Hood is 
recorded as having been active in 1854, 1859, 1865, and 1866; Mt. 
Baker in 1843, 1853, and 1859; Mt. Ranier in 1841, 1843, and 1894; 
-and Mt. St. Helens in 1837(?), 1841, 1842, 1854, and 1889. The author 
does not give his authority for the dates of eruptions and there may be 
many other volcanoes listed whose activity is as doubtful as the American. 
Eruptions of Mt. Ranier and Mt. St. Helens within historic times are 
extremely doubtful. Mt. Baker may have been active in 1843, and 
smoke by day and a glow one night were reported to have been seen on 
Mt. Hood in 1907 from a distance of a number of miles. In no case, 
however, is there record enough to more than place the volcanoes of the 
United States in the doubtful list. While many references to the literature 
of different outbursts are to be found in the earlier chapters, it is to be 
regretted that a complete bibliography of the various eruptions is not 
given so that one might determine the relative value of the observations. 
The presswork of the book is clean and good but its appearance is 
greatly marred by muddy half-tones and crude line drawings. Through- 
out the work the bibliographic references in general, are good and 
complete, and are given in footnotes. 
ALBERT JOHANNSEN 
SMOLENSKY,S. ‘‘Schmelzversuche mit Bisilicaten und Titanalen,”’ 
Annales de l'Institut Polytechnique Pierre le Grand a St. Péters- 
bourg, XV (1911), 245-63; figs. 5-10. 
These studies are devoted to melts of a CaSiO,-CaTiO, system and a 
MnSiO,-MnTiO, system. The first falls into Type HI according to 
Roozeboom, having a minimum melting-point with 33.4 mol. per cent 
of CaTiO,. The second falls into Type V, giving a discontinuous series 
of mix crystals having a eutectic point with 38.3 mol. per cent MnTiQ,. 
Curves of the two systems are plotted from experimental results. 
Attempts to study a similar system with barium salts were complicated 
by lack of knowledge of the polymorphism of BaSiO;. The article is 
in Russian with a two-page résumé in German. 
/ ALBERT D. BROKAW 
