AUSTRALIAN GLACIATIONS 207 
tricts of Mount Compass and the River Finniss the bowlder clays 
form broad valley flats, which, from their retention of water, give 
rise to numerous swamps. 
The geological age of the South Australian beds is largely a 
matter of inference. They rest on a Cambrian or pre-Cambrian 
floor, and are overlain in places by marine deposits of Lower 
Tertiary age, the latter resting on the eroded surfaces of the tillite. 
In lithological characteristics the South Australian deposits show 
a close resemblance to the Victorian glacial beds, the age of which 
can be demonstrated. This, together with the impossibility of 
finding any other glacial horizon in Australasia with which the 
beds in South Australia can be synchronized, forms the basis on 
which the deductions as to age have been made (IV—XII). 
VICTORIA 
The first observations of glacial evidences in Victoria were 
made by Mr. (Sir) Richard Daintree, a member of the Geological 
Survey, who in 1866 reported the occurrence of glacially striated 
pebbles in the valley of the Lerderberg River, near Bacchus Marsh. 
Little notice was taken of this discovery till 1890, when Mr. E. J. 
Dunn, now director of the Victorian Geological Survey, read a 
paper on the subject before the Australian Association for the 
Advancement of Science (XIII). Two years later the same author 
published a more particularized account of similar glacial beds 
occurring in Wild Duck Creek, in the Heathcote district (XIV). The 
Victorian Permo-Carboniferous beds have been further described 
by Messrs. Officer and Balfour (XV), Messrs. Sweet and Brittlebank 
(XVI), and others. 
The localities where the glacial beds are developed are both 
numerous and widely distributed, but in no one case cover a very 
large area. They occur on both sides of the Dividing Range, in 
basins and protected situations, as fragments of what once must 
have been a widely extended sheet of drift. The chief localities 
on the north side of the Dividing Range are in the districts of 
Springhurst and Beechworth, near the northeast borders of Vic- 
toria; the neighborhood of Greta, where a number of isolated 
