218 WALTER HOWCHIN 
the Kosciusko highlands. The earlier one was the more extensive 
and produced ‘‘U-shaped valleys, hanging valleys, filled-up lake 
basins, and smoothed rock surfaces’’; while the later period has 
left its evidences in ‘‘roches . . . . moutonnées and grooved and 
striated rock surfaces, erratics and perched blocks, terminal and 
lateral moraines.” 
The ice-fields were much more extensive on the eastern side 
of the main divide than on the western. 
During the maximum glaciation the ice-sheet extended to at least 12 miles 
N.E. from Mount Kosciusko, and moved in a general S.E. to E.S.E. direction 
from the main dividing range between the Snowy and Murray rivers, toward 
the valley of the Thredbo. By far the greater portion of the ice-sheet, or 
calotte, lay to the S.E. of the main divide, and spread to a distance of probably 
at least, 7 miles at right angles to the former (XXXV, p. 665). 
The longest glacier occupied the Snowy River Valley and came 
down to 4,500 feet above the present sea level, while ‘the total 
area covered by the ice-calotte of Kosciusko during the maximum 
glaciation was probably about from 80 to roo square miles”’ 
(XXXV, p. 665). During this period the ice-sheet, in places, had 
a thickness of not less than 1,000 feet, ‘‘as it was able to cross the 
Snowy Valley and override Charlotte Pass Valley, the whole of 
Spencer’s Creek Valley, and plunged over the southeastern edge 
of the plateau into the Thredbo Valley.” 
Smaller glaciers occupied the western side of the divide, 
especially in the Wilkinson Valley, where terminal moraines gave 
rise to Lake Albina; other moraines, more to the southwest, led 
to the formation of Lake May (L. Cootapatamba) and others. 
The glaciers on this side came down about 1,000 feet from the 
summit, or about 6,300 feet above sea level. The reason for this 
difference in the respective sizes of the ice-fields on either side of 
the divide is explained by Professor David on the ground that 
the strong anti-trades (W.N.W.) carried much snow over the crest 
on to the lee side, where the slope of the ground was more gradual 
than on the western, and thereby permitted thicker accumulation 
of névé. 
Some of the more interesting features of the newer glaciation 
are to be found in connection with the Blue Lake (Lake Mere- 
