PETROLOGICAL ABSTRACTS AND REVIEWS 
Epitep By ALBERT JOHANNSEN 
CAMPBELL, ROBERT. ‘Preliminary Note on the Geology of South- 
east Kincardineshire,” Geol. Mag., VIII (1911), 63-69. 
In this paper the author presents the salient points of his rather 
important studies in this very interesting region. Extending about 
3,500 feet southeast from Garron Point is a series of crushed green 
igneous rocks with intercalated black shales, jaspers, and cherts; and 
in the shales a remarkable suite of fossils has been found, tending to 
show that these rocks are of Upper Cambrian age. This series is bounded 
on the north by an overthrust fault, probably a continuation of the 
great Highland fault. Resting unconformably upon them to the south- 
east are 3,860 feet of Upper Silurian (Downtonian) rocks, chiefly sand- 
stones and shales, with volcanic conglomerates and tuffs, and with a 
basement breccia 200 feet thick. The latter is largely composed of 
fragments of the underlying Upper Cambian rocks. In one of the 
sandstone and shale members of this series eurypterids and plant remains 
were found, and from one stratum an excellent collection of fishes was 
made. Overlying this series conformably, is the Lower Old Red Sand- 
stone, and above this the Upper Old Red, while still later quartz dolerite 
dikes are frequently found. 
It will be noted from the foregoing brief summary that aside from 
the detailed mapping several important reversals of the current classi- 
fication have been made. It has always hitherto been thought that the 
great Highland fault formed the boundary between the Upper Cambrian 
and the overlying series and that the basement breccia of the latter was 
a fault breccia. Again, the 3,860 feet of the Upper Silurian had been 
previously considered part of the Lower Old Red Sandstone. Finally, 
the abundance of volcanic material in both of these formations indicates 
that volcanoes must have been active in this region in pre-Downtonian 
times, although Geikie had placed the initial outburst at a considerably 
later date. 
G. S. ROGERS 
