NEW SUBORDER AND NEW SPECIES OF PHYTOSAURUS 533 



elevation. The nasals are short, not extending, apparently, anterior 

 to the openings, and they do not separate the nares. The septum 

 is formed by thin, paired plates which rise from below, as in most 

 of the Phytosaurs; these are apparently the mesethmoids. The 

 surface of the nasals, together with the surface of the frontals and 

 parietals, are deeply sculptured. The nasal canals extend sharply 

 backward as well as downward. 



On the under side of the specimen the walls of the brain case 

 are broken and lost from a line above the otic region. The bones 

 which form the remnant of the brain case extend forward in sharp 

 processes which lie in grooves on the lower surface of the frontals; 

 these are probably the alisspenoids. The channel for the forward 

 extension of the olfactory portion of the brain is well defined. 

 At the point of junction of the postorbital, postfrontal, and parietal 

 there are deep pits, transversely elongate, on either side. The 

 function of these is obscure; they are perhaps connected with the 

 orbitopineal process of the brain described by Cope in the cast of 

 the brain cavity of Phytosaurus huceros.^ 



MEASUREMENTS MM. 



Posterior edge of nares to posterior end of squamosal 406 . 8 



Top of squamosal to base of quadrate 233 . 6 



Width across lower face of quadrate 83 



Interorbital space, narrowest 62 



Center of foramen magnum to end of opisthotic 124 . 7 



• 



A consideration of this brief description and the accompanying 

 figures will show that this specimen differs at least specifically, from 

 any yet described, and the name Phytosaurus {Machaeroptosopus) 

 doughtyi is proposed for it in honor of the discoverer. 



From the published figures of Phytosaurus kapffi given by 

 V. Huene^ this specimen differs notably. The quadrate fits into a 

 pit on the lower side of the squamosal and is supported above by 

 the opisthotic and below by the pterygoid; the latter is attached to 

 the lower half of the quadrate and does not appear on the posterior 

 lateral face of the quadrate as suggested in Huene's Figure 15. 



^ American Naturalist, Vol. XXII, p. 914. 



^ Geol. u. Paleontolog. Ahhdlg., N.F., Bd. X, 1891, Figs. 14-16. 



