62 WILLIAM T. M. FORBES 



specialists would certainly result in a more accurate dating of 

 many strata. 



Because of the peculiar conditions the description will usually 

 follow the itinerary of the party , which was as follows: Afhm 

 Kara Hissar, 1 Phrygian Monuments, Aktash Kopri, Sivri Hissar, 

 Gordium, Polatly, Hammam (Haimane), Giaour Kalesi, Angora 

 (Enguri), Assi Yuzgad, Yakshy Khan, Izz-ed-Din, Sungurlu, 

 Boghaz Koi — with a sidetrip to Eyiik — Yuzgad, Medjidie, across 

 the Malya Tchol to Bash; Hadji Bektash, Kara Burun, Avanos, 

 Inje Su, and Caesarea (Kaisari). At this point the author was 

 obliged to leave the party and hurry back to Constantinople. A 

 few notes were taken from the train north of Afiun Kara Hissar 

 which have been used to help out the map of that section. 



Distances are reckoned roughly in hours (at the rate of a walk- 

 ing horse, three miles an hour), as that is the usual unit of measure- 

 ment in the country. 



The principal geologist of Asia Minor was Tchihatcheff, 2 and 

 his map remains the only one of much of the country. His work 

 is now fifty years old and an experienced modern student would 

 doubtless modify much of it. Still to the present time the man 

 who has his books at his elbow will not miss very much of what is 

 known of the geology of the eastern two-thirds of the territory. 



Yuzgad, and on an even grander scale, Caesarea, are in the 

 center of regions which should prove exceedingly interesting. 

 The complex resulting from several periods of igneous action 

 makes a fascinating puzzle to disentangle. At these points I can 

 add almost nothing to Tchihatcheff' s account, but can fully verify 

 the existence of the confusion he reports. 



Because of the impossibility of determining the date of most 



1 1 have not been entirely consistent in my transliteration of native names of 

 places, etc. There is no established method, and two books on the country 

 will hardly agree in their methods. / and y (vowel), in particular, represent 

 different sounds in Turkish, but they are not sharply defined and I should perhaps 

 have used y more freely than I have. The distinction between q and k also generally 

 represents a mere difference in Turkish spelling. Q might perhaps have been used 

 more freely, following Arabic precedent. 



2 1 follow the spelling of Tchihatcheff 's name as it appears on the title-page of his 

 large work — in French. It is spelled differently in the German reports of his travels. 



