72 WILLIAM T. M. FORBES 



is clearly a tuff with large pieces of the dense volcanic rock as a 

 foundation. 



Interbedded with this tuff there comes in quick succession a 

 series all dipping northeast: in order going eastward, conglomerate, 

 Angora limestone, tuff, limestone, tuff again. There is also a very 

 conspicuous line of the pale-green rock running south behind Kyly- 

 jlar, parallel to the valley. I did not find its contact with the 

 stratified rocks, possibly a dyke of some kind. The marble appears 

 in several other places between this district and the Kyzyl Yrmak, 

 and also (but here the white crystalline type we found about 

 Assi Yuzgad) in a prominent hill just across the Kyzyl Yrmak. 



Two miles east of Kylyjlar the serpentines east of the path are 

 replaced by syenite, but they continue south of the syenite, and 

 underlie the Neocene rocks for a distance farther. On leaving 

 the syenites, now only a long mile from the river, we ourselves 

 strike into the Neocene deposits that fill the bed of the river and 

 extend indefinitely eastward. The neocenes are an alternation 

 of conglomerate, sandstone, and a fine-grained rock like pale- 

 brown sugar (perhaps the "saccharine limestone" of Tchihatcheff) . 

 The latter is well exposed immediately around Yakshy Khan and 

 seems to be the top layer of the series. 



THE SUNGURLTJ SERIES 



The section between the Kyzyl Yrmak and the Delidje Yrmak 

 is dominated by Eocene deposits. However, here and there igneous 

 masses were seen, and they were probably numerous off of our 

 route. Apparently serpentines form considerable outcrops south 

 of Yakshy Khan, along the west bank of the Kyzyl Yrmak, 

 and about a third way to Izz-ed-Din it again becomes probable 

 that the distant rocks to the south are serpentines. An hour 

 northeast of this last deposit there is a very conspicuous outcrop 

 of syenite, cut from east to west by a crooked gorge which serves 

 as a road. Immediately north of Yaghly there is evidently another 

 igneous outcrop abruptly cut off to the south by a small brook, 

 in a way that suggests the possibility of a fault running northwest 

 and southeast. 



East of this line, almost as far as Eyiik, and from there south 



