460 Scientific Proceedings, Royal Dublin Society. 



MACKEEEL — Scomber scorn 

 88 stomachs were examined in 1890. All contained Copepods, mostly Calanus. 

 Sand-eels were present in several. 



JOHN JiOWI—Zeiisfaber. 



The stomachs of 22 were examined. 9 were empty. All the rest contained fish, 

 including Sand-eels in 3, and Herrings in 2, and unidentified fish in 8. It appears 

 therefore that the Dory preys solely on fish, for the capture of which the protrusihle 

 jaw apparatus, capable of very sudden and violent snaps, is eminently suitable. 



COD — Gadus morrhua. 



In 1890 the stomachs of 17 Cod were examined. 2 were empty. Annelids occurred 

 in 1 ; Crustaceans, Swimming Crabs, in many ; Shrimps, Hermits, 3Iunida, and Shore 

 Crabs in several ; Gastropods, Whelks, in a few ; Cephalopods, Eledone, in a good 

 number ; Fish, Sand-eels, Dabs and Whiting Pout in about as many. 



In 1891 47 were examined. 7 were empty. Of the remaining 40, Echinoderms 

 occurred in 7, 17 per cent. ; Brittle Stars, OpMothrix, in 4 ; (0. fragilis in 3) ; 

 Aniphiura in 2; Echinus in 1; Annelids in 2; Aphrodite and Nereis each in 1; 

 Nemerteans, Cerebratulus in 1 ; Crustaceans in 28, 70 per cent. ; Blimida in 11 ; 

 Xanthojlorida in 8 ; Mask Crab {Corystes) in 5 ; Swimming Crabs (including P. arcuatus, 

 F. corrugatus, and P. puber) in 5 ; Norway Lobster in 4 ; Hyas in 2 ; Gammarids, 

 Shrimps, Prawns, Hermits, Spider Crabs {Stenorhynchus) ; Edible Crats, Gonoplax, 

 Atelecyclus heterodon, and Galathcca each in 1 ; Lamellibranclis in 3 ; Gapers 

 (Lutrarici) in 2 ; Gastropods in 2 ; {Turritella and Aporrhais, perhaps associated with 

 Hermits); Cephalopods in 2; Squid [L. media) and Eledone each in 1; Fish in 18, 

 45 per cent. ; Sand-eels in 4; (Great Sand-eel; A. lanceolattis in 1) ; Norway Pout in 2 ; 

 Haddock, Wrasse, Solea, Sprat, Dragonet, Gunnel and Cry st alloy ob ins, each in 1 ; 

 unidentified fish in 7. In 1 were several stones ; in 1 a fragment of NuUipore, and 

 in 1 the sternum of some bird of the duck family. 



We may, therefore, conclude that Crustaceans, principally Decapodous forms, the 

 kind varying with the depth, form nearly half the food of the Cod. Fish, mostly such 

 ■as live at the bottom, form the next most considerable item, something under a third, 

 Crustaceans and fish together contributing a little over two-thirds. Molluscs come 

 next with a much smaller contribution, though Cephalopodous forms seem to be preyed 

 ■on when attainable. Echinoderms form a rather smaller contribution, OpMothrix 

 appearing to be the most in request. 



Smith's observations in the Firth of Forth differ chiefly from the above in the 

 greater rarity of Echinoderms as articles of food. Two stomachs contained Medusidce. 



HADDOCK — Gadus (Bglefinus. 

 During the Survey 55 stomachs were examined, 9 were empty. Echinoderms 

 -occurred in 24; Brittle Stars; Amphiura in 15 ; Ophioglypha in 2; unidentified 

 Echinoderms in 7; Annelids in 11 ; Lugworm in 1; unidentified Annelids in 10 ; 

 Crustaceans in 13; Hermits and Swimming Crabs each in 2; Isopods (chiefly 

 Cymothoa) in 3 ; Amphipods, Gebia and Mask Crabs each in 1 ; unidentified Crusta- 

 •ceans in 3 ; Lamellibranchs in 3 ; Corbula and Tellina each in 1 ; unidentified 

 Lamellibranchs in 1 ; Gastropods in 5 ; Sea Hares {Aplysia) in 3 ; unidentified Gas- 

 tropods in 2; Fish, Crystallogobins, in 1. 



