106 THE AGRICULTURAL. GAZETTE. Fes yg 
ill, however, we have no doubt, can be considered “bad farming” which enables | Winserove Cook, the 3 armers do E 
li ae — 2 interest of Ireland to a sen se those who cultivate the land to realise the greatest ditions more stringent than vate that they sho 
of f the Nee e and shies r of the Royal Agricultural 
Improvement Society 
s not our intention, at present, — 3 
ith matters of 
kingdom, in short, proclaims the truth of this prin- 
ciple in the greater or = intensity . 8 
over the earth’s surface. infini ety of c 
cumstances, however, — 9 this 8 so that 
at first sight many facts 5 apparently stand in 
contradiction to it. Our present design is to trace 
e circumstances which 8 the growth 
cerea special reference to the 
practices of British aerienienay 
_ Why is Rye-grass so valuable a nitrogen-collect- 
y 
me arable districts in Britain, while | to the dregs. a singular fact that if Barley was 
i 3 E not so in others, although 1 ote 5 sown after Wheat in Scotland on the Ist of March, 
temperatures, and also . amount | aS few bushels of Barley would be obtained as in 
— oe which falls, may be the same ? ay be | that of another isis of Wheat, but when it is sown 
at law, that the wider 5 diver- in the end of May, the number of bushels would be 
genee of the y and night temperatures, which im- more than doubled ere this system of two 
evaporating atmosphere, the more un- white crops in succession is practised in the north, 
8 are the conditions for the Grasses re relying there is no such thing as 5 the tad anti) 
May, when it obtains the aid of the Turnip-grow 
on the atmosphere for their —— The mont 
S July (Agr l Gazette, 1851) havi 
68° and 54° of temperature for 30 daily extremes 
in the Wer of England, or oe * 50° in Scot- 
summer gro f Rye-grass, 
while in in Kent, yc extremes of 74° iad 54°, 
8 
d in its a during Operations for San Hants, on the 15th April, 1850, 
eed.” 
ye-grass is suspende 
summer, and it. y ste reckoned a ‘ In 
the north an t 
ower 
vation, a the Whea eat plant opa its — 
is the r of 
ha 
* ach! totally X 4 
endencies of the Wheat giant; for the 
er v ies only a few degrees in that region 
obeys the same law 
nditions 
In all those districts 
ay 5: prin. 
ple comes into play tothat which holds in mechanies, 
iz., that wha: oe is er 5 
and vice versd. 
nd the * cannot be cultivated, for. its 
over so man: s as in 
the Oat be grown: for its seeds for 
Keith as high a mean temperature) i in t 
where the seed-forming propensities are 
r| even 
succulent wt: vegetative | little time, and the remai 
seed-formin 
the 
— and drou a 
the year, 
in limits, the growth of all cereals = 
w as the Rye-grass, i 
ich favour the growth of 
— promote the incipient ape ment | where t 
~ | spring crops in Sco 
en 
of Ene’ Eng |ou 
roots | the 
tions, however, 
where aoe! a is followed, and 3 place the 
the clearest licht. 
ledge of these ~~ would to 
r of the untenableness 0 
ground he tet all the cereals 
being necessarily such great spendthrifts of ammonia. 
The Scot 
growth of too great an extent of Wheat on the land, 
but they allow Barley to taken after this crop, 
on the mistaken idea of i s being less exhausting. 
And no doubt it is so in o sense that it deer 
less manure to grow it; but it is more exhausting in 
another view, as it can subsist on the refuse of what 
the Wheat has left, and through its means the cu 
of the soil’s fertility can be more thoroughly arsine 
ing . of atmosphere to ee the 
deficiencies of soil. 
_We shall 
view of the case in the dry climate of = south of 
England. e reporter in our Calendar of Farm 
writes 
e have e finished our Barley for some 
peratures of 72° and 49°, instead of 64° a 
y 
and Perley i in pec. 
lori, · spring 
mmer sown cereals, wild be much 
lass — aag in the west of England and Ireland, 
ere is so much similarity in the atmospheric 
conditions to those as Se 3 than in the east of 
England, where ther teater necessity for 
. This we willi inquire into very shortly. 
ractice of h upon late sowings 
or 
h, in their superlative wisdom, forbid the mi 
m 
now turn for a moment to an opposite m 
any con, 
not grow more than four white 
One hardly sees, indeed, how ie: 
The 1 of taking two w hite ¢ crops i 
almost e entirely discontinued j 
cultivated districts in the East 
iga in Successig 
ou¹d— 
eee high farming, on good soils, tat aa 
nation may be succe pare practised. Experi 
as proved that on the better lands Barl rley, after z 
d awn crop of Turnips, vill acai ly lodge, Even 
Mr. Morgan, in his Prize Es the Cropping of 
Pembroke, admits $ “Barley on some soils is nota saf 
crop after Turn 
In the able le tare delivered by Professor he 
“a lime, before the Roya ear 1 . 
eems to have be een quite as much perplexed with 
the Welch a as some of his au diene With 
all due deference to one w esi has done great service 
in extending the boundaries of that knowled . 
deeply concerns our art, we would suggest, that he 
8 
aerial sr acta we give 
ce 
e War: “in Sou 
arises fro weal customs were 
more or less.“ Sir N STON 
well worth enquiry, whether the rocks of South Wi I 
we uch re as to render little 
vegetable matter requisite in the — which 
the and als ether i 
were some circus: : 
tation, as in the 
— Wheat 
of the 
silica (in the burnt lime), might ia in 
ae ree account for the effect on Wheat.’ 
oe opinions altogether, on 
t this looks ve like 
D 
elch soil, he thought there 
siamees peculia wy favourable to m 
of Catania, in 
ali been on discontinued i the Lothians, 8 in successive years he W 
f - e ee crop is where sown ely sum — and Barley, and 10 
te a much larger aie t only 3 secures ag eat a quantity, — are 3 r all 
in its an in Sen 25 rain is 2 permit us to go into fie e of liming 
of the -east pei th which late sown arley could | climates ; but the parallel of 
dency to propel the ai ae eae ‘OF soon ge d a broader scale, will be found = nearer ho 
rly part of summe 8 i mit N Jatania. Where shall we fi 
f It the common v si at did that it was much less exhausting aan Wing we ae style and modes of farming, than in 
of being sown in an, whic ows it of . retake in the cold u he Rebecca farming of South 
28S the „and to accor ate-itsclf | percenti 5 Sir J. Stvcram, who had no old Paddy farming of the Emeral 
to the dry atm of Kent or France during the bo Pe ite of kit the principles involved, gave eredit to Youna’s ` notions concerning proper 
spring and early summer months, then the pl me © correspondents, who argued that Bere | other are N were sad 
would bein a great measure favoured by the anne | P7 G8 Which admitted of being grown even m u Trelan 
atmospheric conditions which promote Š he ater than the Barley, did scarcely exhaust the soil no aibre “or the whole prece 
of Oats, if the SEE A 5 25 5 all. The ener variety of Barley must be school were grossly scaling 
of its seeds. It is a well kno Sallonten eee he soil is in the hat were sought after were lime-ston 
: te i — ee te in the Wheat growing pi ra crop it is then up to the burt lime, calcareous marls fr 
eastern counties o gl fi hear 
months, as it can be in kan fe e sprig Certain courses of cro cropping, which are followed me 3 ogee a ae “Apri 
d, where the develodmant of 15 ian: 2 in the West. of Es England, — lately attracted co N nob thine Turnips the 
maintained and promoted by less e ting conditi siderable attention and discussion. Great results farmers, though th - have an excellent 
ley will ripen in a much shorter : iod ten are attained through the most primitive means an e bur a a 
the Oat, and the influence of meteorological pliances. The s Superior farming in the north would des to be hi k d. Th 
tifully seen in this cereal Whe con- | have readily accounted for the whole. ena, | for, sA 3 aa k Tf : 
necessity felt to have Barley sown e eg but the mystery is, that it is Welch farming that is thers is üo — a 
resumed that it is much : e wren e Rw Ss poe ich Ree both in fact, what I have apeti dert Alter Te 
there is a tendeney amongst sclentific Mr. in his that they burn * 3 5 . 
on * sowing; but to make 
@ or oy practical 
t meet- 
in Fife, the members | 
the ) of “taking 
e oe A 
admirable review, w writes, —“ Even the 3 of a 
year between two white ok must suffer exception, 
since, in mani 
in n parts of Sussex and of Ta em 
to answer best after 
you must 
courses are—l, 
0 
5, Oats; 6, Oats; they Bones it 10 2 
or four years. This ood land 
25 Bere; 3, Bere; 4, 
7 2 8, Oats; 9, 
2, ditto ; 3, Wheat; 
