300 THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. [May g 
i lar nitrogenous matter t ——— 
led to the mixture from the e of some seque vu frequeat . to its regu g iatter trom the juic — — 
ite Be et in Loy ne of the Beet; it acts 
dreds of experiments, in this country and Seotland, . M. Girardin has cultivated the w — substitute fe eae er, a —— e — — 
reported in the agricultural journals and other perio od- | caradas sands; and the ea re under these four den at gaseo va * namely, the sulphurous ‘acid that iy 
icals: and if fortunate enough to have elicited some- | cumstances was found to be represented by the following | havin made a great number of experiments on n Melsen 
s A ine ave rendered | numbers—59, 46, 48, and 34; the alluvial sand proved the best | so fully pi Poma of the preservative properties 1 Subject, iş 
suited of these soils, and the calcareous sand the least so phite of lime, that he believes it will become 
such a useful service to our depressed and oppressed Generally speaking, his s plant prefers soiis of an average con- tropical regions where the juice of the cans 8 Possible, in 
agriculturists. For 5 acres: nitrate of soda, 3 cwt. ;| sistence s than light, fresh, and enriched with | rapidly, to extract the sugar from it by the sole urn 
mk in?’ ed i W ‘matter i Schwere ‘considers the vo Beet having eee ee . se 3 open — — 
$ : s hausting tban the Potato; a crop of Barley after Be g e salt water is dried up in 
May, in damp weather, or light rain. When wood. been found much Anar Man he oes taken { off the same field | Without participating in all the expectations of l. Bee me 
ashes cannot be obtained, fishery salt, 5 ewt., mixed with after 1 Beet requires a seed apek of cr this subject, I am inclined to think that the bi-sul hit ara 
hedge or ditch earth, a ton, and then with slaked lime, rape of which „ ate nly a i: nated e nabplcanen in the —— ta 
its wu use; N other words, it should be cultivate gass cane trash or sugar-cane stalks 
5 cat may be substitute d—or 2, other salt, foul Ni h wae good condition, but which it exhausts bat little, N through the mill, and are ured only for hag fires 
rr T Clean salt I do not think Ukey if the leaves are returned as manure to the soil. Bet vesiduary sugar of which destroyed with a ), the 
my last the wood-ashes were om mitted, v jeh all the other roots, it succeeds in 9 climates, 7 — 8 The „ nt P “the hi-oul piles would a allow a 
Ii find, ai pi Arad gave the best product. J. a Role r — * should se et in during the —— ok its cultivation ; ted in advance, and of their being 
s tim vanced or retarded kept on hand, to be Ae at convenient ioia aha ter under. 
ee ARONA to the particular mode of e adopta; it is going Lisa mle macerations. e juice would furnish 
accordingly capable of adapting itself with gr reat facility to and colour!ess decantations, no longer requiring the em; 
Societies f husbandry. mah ar kafasi charcoal, Concentrated in evaporating 
: o is true bonete when we do not grow it for the P of sugar | to the density of 1.30, it would then be removed to the crystal 
anufacture, its produce must be consumed o e farm, and | lising chamber, This method would much simplify the extrag. 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL society OF ENGLAND. that it offers but f few resources for 75 alimen’ foes support of | cion of sugar; and even supposing that it were not adopted on 
been made ntre duce it into | a large scale, it would be the means of bringing the manufacture 
ued from page 285.) . tion of bread. It is otherw of Beet sugar within the range of farmers, All, deed, that 
FRESENIUS (1847).— . — amount of s 3 the Beet varies — aiaiai of e eden and * omes a pro oduce would be required, as M. Melsens himself remarks, would be 
3 according to the 8 of soil, manuring, | immediately realisable. Under these. circumstances the Beet a root-cutter, a few casks, a eee and some eartheg. 
sli &c., under which it is cultivated ; and various crops will be sought for and purchased ie ready money ; they | ware p to extract at once froma of Beet-roots, a whiter 
b its extraction, | will assume all the extension of which t hcy are capable; and | sugar than any of the finest sugars — During a close 
of which — 2 is the most usual. 1. The er being the cultivation, being required to furnish produce of indis- 8 of seve e, of the Beet, M. Braconnot has ascer. 
washed c earth are grated or reduced into pulp. | putable character, will no doubt arrive eventually = the | tained that the nitrogenous principle, albumen, thatit contains 
2. The jules is cleared e a o a by being boiled with the highest de egree of per renan attainable. Grown, however, in | does not become coagulated by the action of heat, even on 
—— of a lit 3. The cla — fluid is filtered anufactories, the Beet will no longer continuing the boiling of the liquid or concentra it by 
through coarse some — racal, then concentrated ycd be apora- | occupy more than a few fields on the farm, for the purpose of | evaporation. He attributes this non-coagulation of the 
tion, filtered proven finer bone charcoal, — — porated for cows and pigs ; and it will | to the absence of salts of lime in the Beet-juice; for he found 
allisation. i uree concentrated r e is only be found on lands a bate more extended in possession of | that if a small quantity of a calcareous salt, such, for instance, 
transferred from the boiling-p o the cooling apparatus, | rich and first-rate agriculturists, where however it will be | as the chloride of calcium, the acetate of lime, or even sulphate 
2 * —— = eee to cool dow — be temperature of between | limited by the proportion its cultivation ought to bear to of lime in powder, was mixed with the juice 70 bendy 
x een dur iin 
tallization cases, which consist of inverted conical vessels pro- auxiliary. In the first case, it will become the pivot and 8 in the form of bulky figoumleds! “By 
3 e w with an a aperture that may be closed or left open most valuable stimulant for the improvement of general | addition of a salt of lime, aliquot was 8 a quite pion 
3 5 : ng fro t-juice when 
ra Imost co 
market. The juice of the Beet contains besides sugar all tl e risks to which it is | treacle. M. Braconnot concludes his researches by 
soluble component parts of the original bulb, particularly a er from — are —— — Ae than those with which | ing that sulphate of lime in powder will ge r E te fn 
albumen, pectin, gum, salts with organic and in organic acids, the Turnip has to contend. It can be — in its raw advantageously to replace quick-lime i z 
and malic acid. The process of clarification has for its — bool state without inconvenience, and In is capable >r Ker easily of Beet-juice, without presenting any bes . 
to remove as much as possible all foreign “aes ances. Boiling, preserved tor a long time in store; such, how r, is not the that caustic alkaline earth. From the whole of M. Péligot’s 
albumen ; lime precipitates the case with the Potato, which sprouts two — before the experiments, it results that the average composition the 
pectic and malic acids, as w ell as the phosphoric — —_— d to yield fresh food for cattle. The Beet Beet may be assumed to be constituted of 87 per cent, of water 
acids, magnesia, &c., while at the same tim nters h the 3 noah to be included in ey good 22 of | 8 per cent. of substances soluble in water—chivtly sug 
i ood. Its t n nsolu 7 ; 
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s — 2 al e. The former, usual — of proceeding, fore is then accomplished, whieh recommences with ‘the of juice are obtained from 100 lbs. of gr 5 Ibs 
Geet added rand then milk of eet 2 74 8 8 vegetation of spring. It is by such combinan: ms that the | at the same time, perhaps, ooma very 7 g subj otil 
now n f atte on 
5 e, * y if not wholly fora mo of fresh vegetable nourishment n ot be sus pended 2 We cannot therefore reckon an the average 
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y filtration al, t m- h m 
—— —— the — with lime is suspended and the lime and condition of the animals. nates tt f juice, containing, according to th 
intercepted by the charcoal, the fluid at the same time becomin — — isi. aU. —Of all the binary spmpounde of the rests ofthe analyses, 5} lbs. of sugar. The real fees E l 
to a certain extent depriv ed of colouring rere and freed from | known elements, those formed of oxygen and of hydrogen are | therefore, sustai e, when we Basan ber 4 tp Deg great 
3 yin — — ound: separated fro e fluid by clari- | the most important for vegetation. 1. Of the oxygen com- of Beet-root, aj stated as about one-fifth. ter when pred to 
the ter — y evaporation a = omg of pounds, water and carbonic acid stand in the foremost rank as ita appears, is often estimated 2 — e sable sugar, In 
| c malic ac i os 
po ot has 5 been exercised to curtail the 3 the oxides of the known metals. 2. 8 sUgar-cane works, ene n matter le ti 4 passe OF 
* s much as possible. a pens heat is 8 ammonia is the e then the hydro- pressed canes, is completely lost, being her 
Ammonia i 
, a thi 
A odine 
is acecleraved by maintaining a rarified space bably r of all the 3 compound i Beet-root has an advantage over the sugar cane, 
ett ed fluid. i ure 
GASPARIN (1848).—Varieties of Beet. 1, The field Beet e : 
5 > or | veronii es, as, for instance, in the spring sa of the ttle. This pulp cake, indeed, is u 
—— 8 — ir of bulb varied with white and Birch, the Tine ‘and also perhaps in some smite whods juice — food a Attle inferior to the entire root, to 8a, 
$ “om — red. This is the variet y most com- is of an anomalous character ; as, for instance, in th t Sor a . Ea of — ace exiracted by the 
apasa much water and woody a as atulen: t uppoo 
rpg ced to the white Silesian Beet in the proportion the Kohlrabi stalks, which through cultivation have become | 1 e and 35 per ceut, 5 pulp, it is s ef cog and al 
; e common | flesby, that is, in which t arenchymatous tte | ll give 5 of wate 
pon ein llc bt iron aot ean — 44 —— 1 ; | pith and the rind has remarkably — in — “They — en r matter. One 25 Oe ed i 
4 . also above ground. It generally rich in sugar and test — in dimin 
ane Taib 22 8 stock, 3. The yellow German Seni (1850).— The discovery was first made by Marggraf, 1 by the Beet, is the dußeulg of crop being 
grows below the Hong 2 Tage skin a deep yellow. It | at Berlin, in 1747, that the same sugar as that furnished by its root when it has attained its maturity. | tb f 
piota ce — ee . —— aren is a variety that | the Se ince was contained in the juice of the Beet-root, and | taken up at the end of — —— m too wild an rmosphers — 
rred could be extracted from it in a pure state. This discov rity of w rie vers promot Í 
vator of Beet, heb done s i "Baily, an extensive culti. obtained the notice of parties —.— in the industrial arts; The frost . —.— their organisati on, lh w | 
4. The white Silesian Beet: b N 15 supe to others. but it was not until the year 1812 that it received from France their vegetative tendency at — 
Outer skin and fesk ees ulb a little elongated, very large; | a wider diffusion, and a knowledge of it became more generally | contain. As Beet contains sac 10 ent its 
th a greenish — . — white, ere is a sub-variety | extended, especially throughout Germany and Belgium. The | its growth, it might perhaps be avisat to — 75 sowing 
2 > — s 8 most exclusively result cys f all the snr appears to prove that the variety | ing its fall development by taking it up r. tion of alle 
mains below th ag th h very bulk; e- | know r the name ot the white Silesian Sugar-Beet is the also more thickly, aud commending the ex enz 
.. ̃ĩ6aAa;A aig This | Hs in sacolarina manier, weiden loam deel | Bore tho fali ee e e 
to be the juctive of all the varieties cae i Beet: scl mtg Sa dos es, yieids the best ton from the less sis even 
vs be wn. The | Beet- roots. Pr imal manure j cit sequences of this 1 5 * mg Péligor be realised, geg 
in 
= œ 
Lal 
g 
A 
85 
g 
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8 
ardin 
white Silesia Beet is much n sugar than the fi ae sh a an a ves 
t eld | much nitrogenous matter, is — 4 — not th ibs. Should this view o 
having analysed is loss nitr e 8 - Boussingault, | application adapted for its ‘cultivation, because it 88 | rea 3 — . — to oaly, in ed 
* crops grown in , | amount of gg, a compounds in the root at the xpense would recur more nearly to that of the pre wouid be 
3 Silesian only 1.43, and di f zai sugar. The greater the weight of a Beet-bulb is, 80 | to the —— of Beet sugar a routin the preser a 
te the. form 0.21, and Bi k pr e ordinary | much maller, generally, is the amount of sugar it contains. | to dim the inconveniences attending 
9 —— ra ** atter 0,18. The field Beet Acco rdingly, Beet- roots of the same crop have been found to | ther ose to spring ^"i the 
for feeding o cattle, — ee white o Siaa Beet — vahat give the ults: PABST (1851).—Beet-roots are from autumn to e milk and 
sea Sees iE — Sugar manufacture. Beet- root exposed to Tg weighing a quarter ofa lb, PE se 5 si, 5 65 some food, Taa men ‘rey are mo re watery than +9 
pt Tta selon that of congelation enters into decompo. a lb, oe of 3 nee a 
Shee dhe 8 2 germinates and its ve etation commences ” ” — — 5 i — — 5 the average 3 lbs. o 3 
on the — it, meee £ Fahrenheit, We know » three Ibs. ” 6 to 7 Potatoes; bi ; but ae nd. are neith Pa 
i P — ine 
a e, — at what we call the root genen, . —In France, it is Bremer ne that th e addition of ay odder, Best roots in a ra 
` iti entric zones, hich * pratt si h — nog 3 
s — rials perfectly idential thr 1 The wh mole 2 them. ; | mast be added — — nod at boiling, — 5 alf hay a 
5 erva M. Peligot, | the effects are manifest i h i 
thart the quantity of sr sugar, . ase 8 piant, ~ rn „5 * n r after its a reason whatever fo 1 Bee 
* n the root-shaped s from the circumstance of the albuminous fy m 
ases in length and becomes gradually more ex y i fermentative substance | and a portion also is put away yin 
i panded and | which renders the sugar uncrystal . 8 — 
of y; each successive rank of its emp peges by the expansion M. Melsens, who has Successfully grec 8 e eee nd 
ing p 
ar that t 1 
g stem | matter, it 
ia panapa a dally. — ee and Hees The Beet 2 of destruetive ferm — to ex value as soon as it begi ntered than ta sally gue Lene 
oh pana more san any other plant of its class, to | In setting out from this pri i " is casen 
—.— of the soil in which it is cultivated, provided that it | self to th the discover. 5 — gota mes y= ee vains son iha Pome urs ia 3 e, . 
epu 3 stagnant Peters; am e management | . action on the sugar, without daiga tó the é health two essentially 2 kinds; Ant i, well nown 88 
e crops do not va and eas Š pred 
ps vary 80 — ee ared. ons conditons: This aaie eå red rape or fruit sugar. The — 4 ra 0 
in fact, i ts the nt in o sugar san; 2 aple tree; 
8 every soil, excepting in | coagulation of albumen, of d of white ot u ERE, at the | of the Beet-root and of the Mapi perfect a 
casein, an 
sed only of siliceous and calca- | temperature of boili A ter dition 
to dry bs and in which the plant sesses all the Properts of a * which reap srar 3 8 and chemically by ee 
