362 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
n the atmos — and in the different constitution 
which it exhibits when compared either with it If 
when allowed to seed o cereal crops cultivated 
has been assumed as a cause 
sons to be found, although they | b 
seem to obtain less consideration, if they are not 
thrown together out of the unt, in the working 
of the ground both previous to depositing the see 
and in the after tillage, an the of ex- 
isi ay of Siew 
crops remun 
Surely these fovtilising operations, so much greater 
than are r so-called exhausting er ete 
do not indie: qualitie 
ond 
al yield of the a 
3 as well as — ie quantity 
ence our selection of _ 
onal and economic system 
far he may rely upon the 
it is the item of source of com 
and quality, bee should gyr 
and manures under a truly ra 
“It = jana be distinctly understood that the 
objects of these experiments is not to provide any examples for 
direet imitation — n practice, but to . — us to ascertain the 
real characters of season, soil, and m ring z required for ` the 
grow 
wth of the Turnip, in order t that, th 
So | being better 2 d, the practice of it may be more econo- | for 
mnically carried o 
— 
ating cause 
must in the — — draw . n the soil, an ai” 
ore ome ea than plants with pr 
leaves, while, fro’ m the mn e of their 
* more 
readily imbibe th 
Whether plants throw 
by their sols aak mae it is certain that they throw 
of very muc emental matter by their leaves. 
From — er nu ke or prin r size, therefore, 
of the leaves of the so-called ef. crops, the 
e largely from 
n es, pro 
to the surfaces e area o evaporation, than 
m 
Yy | many cuts, 
and matter for ‘discussion ‘by fa 
We do Po conceive it possible more clearly to 
disclaim for ou of thei 
| interest as ben rding i instances of 1 arge produ 
1 being directly oes to practice, as prov * 
mples of m 
; and the idea of 
respects with e 
. enough repudiated. this point our 
experiments have eee — den from Mr. 
Russell which science is very apt to meet with from 
practical men when she is doing her best to help them. 
s e e is Mr. Russells comment upon some of 
eee wont J es 26, 1850 :— 
„Mr. Lawes foun his Wheat fi 
17 bushels per, acre ie sty: any manure, did n oduce a 
f Turaips without any application; vt pe — 
of lime raised the cro; p to 12 tons. 
; but * * question 
ers is, how he Turnip crop 
can be increaged from 12 to 20 tons or W 5 
8 hi de 3 however, that carbon without ammonia 
powe and also that in all soils 
weight of * phosphate 
his was a very 
Sanco are capable ot 
al ler 
ret 
or ass numerous 
When, 
rang 17 bushels of Wheat . 
5 F 
en tt 
pas 
eld, kiga eee 
lea 
9 g these considerations, we 
[June . 
e 8 Were Practical talents more d 
e in 
by the uirements of scienc this: uly 8 
have exer —— a wiser discri — Tesest he wal 
as on some other points. J. B. Lawes 
agriculture 
Jou inal of — er Agricultural Society, Vol. VIII., (To le continued.) 
— — 
Part 2, pa ny ai i eS 
“ Were wi he ai at the results of mys table with a purely esis BY A FEN F. 
ebe 8 the column of acreage weight of bulb enn apres na ine i. II. 
be sufficient to guide our judg e pee tee 0 rst * of o diggings, Y, that 
various manures; but since the object of the a m p hs referring simply to the 9 of the Ren di aan e 
rather to provide a key 0 5 soaring, ob b n not occupy m space and time. We ball dasa 5 * 
uring, othe : ” 
tad aA on enge 7 resulta e ' * : en into con- qu ickly as 3 under grou To 5 
sideration in for n estimate respecting th nature of the an idea of the present practice of farmi e will 
conditions which i odttivation should be caleulated to supply.“ eat Level in its s parate districts. The n. take 
Journal — in tg: og Agricultural Society, Vol. VIII., half is entirely i incolnshire, and is thus Pry 
Part 2, p. che Witham Fens, the Bl ce Drainage, as 
5 eping Fen, form a an 
Par em of clay and 
the ae —— la incipally peat ear ape And 
between these and the sea are the marsh rng. 
those Tinig tracts of stiff aay called Highland 
en 2e largest tract of this c and 
— South Holland. 1e Eie F p 1 
000 acres in extent, have received their chief jm. 
provement at mparati odern d In the 
iddle of last 5 they were a perfect sea 
eh 2 inundations of the river Witham ; and itis 
arkable fact that no lo sae r than about 653 
paces 0 er kney Fen (now one of the 
. — districts) were or annually by public auction at 
Horncastle, the reserv bei Ol e 
the 
missioners s rtions to speculators at 14), per 
acr ; these were immediately cropped for l 
with Oats, each crop more 
money. Windmills were ployed to lift out the 
drainage-water ; but since 1831, a considerable number 
steam-engines have been e windmills 
removed. The p il has sw d manage- 
nt; but claying and oilcake, yard manure and bone- 
— followed.” abundance of green food ave been f. 
recollect the hea heavy spews og — K eyy great quantity o of} And again; Agricultura Gazeite, Dec tenants hed ome farms” w m the nei 
water we s with root cro “ We have alr ae given our opinion of M Li * eeds, & 
-~ the cutting up and compressing, the kneading — fone. ana. = o means ASN hia mace! he has — r ie the Fe Fen ‘nee ead — 
ate aioe the land thus — ching a elaborate experiments of Mr, Hannam and Mr. eh tee being returned beyond the few 2 sown with the 
"s the Te ity of cold water we throw into W for practical p es, 1 wom se —— e. gpa 
our cattle e aor ngs —. less i yt For on this account Mr who consume their straw, &c., on "the 1 Fen g laie 
o whic es’ eg will no means bear that rigid application 
them—it will become W 
tion whether it may not not be m more Rasa in 2 is becau erg we 3 agree * cas i p — 
g our grain crops fallow ussell in the remar po e have earth into heaps, with an implem b. 
nt Pulse ne ts f — e 8 so fully insisted K N the point as s shown wy and then 1 — the ashes nal a for the 
ps tor fee 78 | | the sentences already quoted from a 3 i of 
9 3 fee without, —— „superseding d complain of Ru ssell, in na “th F ee es to ny 
the root’ and k ring e taken, and the land then laid down Tass 
ig . seeded experiments with those of a totally data plan er for three or four years regular course 
— gr or cattle-feeding, as object, kislot reference to our own is | is pursued, but a six-field system is much appro of 5 
oS and Bere me off point, as to give the aspect that we had — claimed | t Ist, Gi d; 2d, Wheat; 3d, Seeds; 4th, 
general harvest; and if these were fol- for them that plan and object ; and think, too, that Wheat; 5th, Oats ; 6th, Wheat, About two-thirds of 
tolen crops of Turnips or Rap it is much wanting either in discrimination or ingenu- | the necde ar 45 ith 1 wool peg 2 and it may 
of superior cattle food ousness, to insin A . 
perior cattle foo oo probably be obtained 3 5 752 s the N w E me 20 | be noticed that whenever the fi'soas to 
crop of Turnips. It may be also tons or upwards on sense and go nage- kata crop is very 
answer to m Fo Rape ment in the details are premat 5 especially whe cies it is ee aoe a Nele 
e intervals with portable manures before actual in our papers that 20 tons and upwards 
harvesting, a N yy in the ae farm management oh J ained. 
. u p pr of th 
ops be obta ek cone ee Royal Agricultural Society, Vol VIII., J 
ce, il on this farm, alt h net ell 18 
A dai 88 the 
impart 2 he sine sd te ds 
ournal 4 š, 13 
Para oyal Neben Society, Vol. VIII., 
fed a iad — it may be well ut ion 
Wat — — — pe 
he experientare has not 
* of immense crops, but to trac 
— the real conditi f growth — n 
d to guish these from those to w i 
u 
t. To eae ur ob mera 
0 
speak of amounts of produc object it will hae 
of thos 
excite the ridic ‘ule batons May at Bret 
a ad our readers that the obj 
ject of th 
not the p —— of —.— e crops, be to fear 
2-feet — of another pe 
an 
mure, may be inferred from fact that this year, which i 
hing bi r x 
ighed, the bulbs of mah ae — be peng 2 me gees: 
gain, in his rejoi May 1, 1 
8 No. 1, May 852, Mr. p! 
in our ordinary ons, were we to 1 
ammoniacal salts as freely supp y 
Mr. ra — — — | ie Wheat er sapi ad a by an 
Now. ow, the large as of ammonia referred to to by 12 bushel 
were applied in our experiments 
ordinary arma 20 as for ot our treatment of that ero Tipae hh ua 
"he arm ever have published a 
word on the sw seek prety certainly we should not ion 
apply such large amounts of amm salts ; nor can 
we be ee, to have in any v way advocated suc 
wos > as generally applicable in farm rotations, 
tee indeed, is required but a little clever writing 
isparage or expose to ridicule — i — men 
— e tifie experiment which the in is drai 
Segoe significant, “ad which, when inteligenti h — deer ee, * e and 60 hor-e-Por erectel 
practices. The 3 and enfo the best under on which in the a e, Hk About 
rinor, sheild. e e provinces 4 vt and o to peblorm the work of more than 40 in the 
two are * wat as mas be confounded, if — 4000 acres, lying farthest from the enger e rained; 
pode forgotten that pes yey on each other. It should | or lowest portion of the district, are 3 seldom 
nether exper tite ene are called the water in the ditches during winter beig is sons- 
sales ine periments, as distinguished from scientific | lower than 15 inches fro m 
oikee sere to provide results for direct adoption; dered a good drainage b eee. 
ones wil S. p t ientific | to the wretched system of windmills, which water had 
* most 3 not be fitted for direct imitation able effect their duty k oo and wash 
which, if intelligent! ide materials for deduction, | remained so long upon the soil as to A i 
> pe applied, having r ste out much of the nutritious salts and m vater, d. 
not less im though an indirect, yet | tain ing is more certain that we conte 
Tek oma mpartant in influence on actual practice itself. mating near the surface of the Fen lands for. 
ind e n deg other way, may | de — atly injures we of gro" dee dae 
very well as a > y ee y inj 
ractical readers, but a tri piece o f stage effect with | and likewise destroys Clover 
of an inglorious kind * ained is surel ory ike their rol à 
" P EER er, exceedingly | Besides this, it washes out of the 
a e — he 3 effort. e| with it the soluble li 
were Mr.] a lasting injury to the prod 
hen, 
