23—1852. | THE 
AGRICULTURAL GAZET 
TE: 
nt as the surface, both those which take 
foxbench, elum, elunch, 3 are pinnock, hassock, 
malm 
and avoid taking the same sorts f crops immediately 
tho 
— and those which take mtn „ ; | stone r, k, prim r and — * er, 2 5 wren aged er. ae should slic try to obtain many 
and they convey by their olours no o with many others, not t forgetting ear’s-muc hey dq f i ct ‘ obia ` t 
than that within cer areas certain wen 225 saga: se expressions which conv t ener t mig oy a a coi 2 de gg. 0 O cal oom Wo 
. and li nes to be found, which | those intended, when they employ the ordinary terms, | a of good 
a peculiar group of fossils not to be — with sand, loam, and clay, in so vagu mag manner, might obtain food N ay ion . fodder) for 
er or lower in the series, and which remain tant, | that one man calls sand is loam of another, two milch co wo or three pigs, with some corn, 
however the mineral characte ers of the beds — and 7 3 of a third, as the soil ed happens to * Prt all poled vegetables for the use of his 
them hange. These changes of mineral character | be m r less tenacious than the average of a district | family. 
are often so rapid and so great, that in a distance of in which stron ng or light soils 221 1 would have we How would you economise two acres, so as to make 
100 miles, or even less, clay will have passed into | asked, ag them yield 78 pork o r bac wend corn, Potatoes, and 
on the one hand, and into limestone on the looking out t for a farm, to know anything of the distri- other vegetables would divide the two acres b 
other. Let us illustrate this by one example—that of butio soils, that is say, in what — arl ved imple 8 aa six portions, to 7 — st as follows, 
nd. f bright stretches across may on to find —— most extensive meinen a a after — manner of Mr. Tower's plan of 
ical maps, from the e Dorsetshire to | suited to his particular requirements, whether he uit r acres. 
the Sete of the p pie tme Another girdles the Weald | strong "Wheat à nd Bean land, light dry for What is the chief excellence of Mr. Tower’s plan of 
of Kent and Sussex, f the farming on arable land, rich grazing land for the fatten- | cropping !—The chief excellence of Mr. Tower's pet of 
South Downs. These belts add much to the beauty of | ing‘of cattle, or ordinary the dairy and for | cropping is the variety of ae er erops, to 
ur y have caused m J animated | rearing young stock. This is a kind of knowledge which | of which a dry rich loa table; and the frequent y 
discussion at the Geological Society on questions now | most farmers 8 te bart of their b —.— of corn crops (if they cnet profitable), in the rotations_ 
t. They have afforded much sport to the ae ersona rvation respecting their own f 
fossil hunters, aet f erim iched their Ii rtdh with | immediate neighbourhood. They know the ties of 222 K—T—¼—;ĩ3 
beautiful specimens. But whst information do all the fi in their own and the adjoining parishes, pirst | second | Third | Fourth | Fifth | Sixth 2 
they convey to the owners occupiers of the estates under the — — —.— to which they have] Tear. Tear. Year. | Year. | Year ear. 
which lie n — Merely that they are upon n 754 general know- = 
the what: te: the greensand ł It ligo o the quality of “the land. in — paS sof Perches. | Perches. | Perches. | Perches, | Perches. | Perches 
consists aan . lower sand separated by the — in which they reside, — to which their 90 Wneat 30 Tur- (48 Barley 45 Cl 45 Wheat 30 Pota: 
gault, a calcareous clay. The upper sand is generally business occasionally leads them. However they may nips and/or Oat oes 
y ing upwards into the chalk, and | despise geolo hey are unconscious! d fora — . 
downwards into the gault. The lower sand is chiefly limited district, geologists. Agricultural geology merely * eans 
ferruginous and siliceous, with concretions of cherty bi agen si wledge of other 'arrots . 
beds, and beds o lear: stone. It also contains, and why should that be 30 Pota- 45 Wheat|30 Tur ley 45 Clover 
locally, beds and nodules of phosphate of lime. This regarded as ms S gro . ge so long as it is e, — or Oats 
is the southern form nsand, but upper | confined to a parish, or a county, and be scouted as s Beans 15 Cattle 
greensan no eres further to the are aon than “all — when it 5 many ee and et 8 
Cambridgeshire, nor the low nsan vw i nties, a ider e, and investigates jax . 
ire. in the latter county y Siaa fin Yorkshire, the the agricultural capabilities of Australia and North | 45 Clover s Wheat . as . — pee ped draaien 2 
pper greensand is rep ted by red chalk containing America! nowledge is valuable to the farmer 9 Vetches Cabbages 5 
greensand fossils; and at “ths ern termination of whose operations are confined to one locality, = like 6 Bea 15 Cat le 2 
the chalk ranges in Yorkshire, the white chalk rests the Vicar of Auburn, has “ne changed, nor w d to Sane x 5 
immediately on blue and green clay (Speeton clay), the le ange his place oie is more valua ble to che eee ner 30 Tur. 48 Barley 48 Clover 30 Pota. 3 
upper portion: ch rep he gault, the | whose property lies in different counties under different | nips and/or Oats toes 
lower the Kimmeridge clay. The wan ne A of geological conditions of soil lim d to the land-agent, iae te 21 
maps inelude the three subdivisions of the sand who frequently represents several suc landowners, Bee 5 eans 
under one colour. e no: of the 8 whose business it is 2 elope to their full extent the Carrots 
logical Survey dis em — nese tints, property under his Sue ledge is valuable | 45 Barley |45 Clover 45 Wheat — te 45 Wheat 
Even these maps, apt a0 excel as they are, fail to the farmer i 0 old country; it is more valuable | °F Cats a 1 ar 
onvey any useful j information ; for ‘they to . e in anewe re cultivation is only 30 Ppota- 15 Wheat 30 Tur. 4 3 ane 
do not show the variations of ach subdivision, com cing. : 2 apni which a * ee — s Ss aas 8 
and lower ensand alone miee e extremes | conso Sinden of farms, the i of the farmin etches abbages a 
of barrenness aad fe . As examples of fertility class, both from within and by accessions from ode — tenet Clover|45 Wheat 
e have the rich grazing grounds of the Vale | classes from wi is driving many farmers and sons Carro 
Aylesbury, the valua r f Farnham and of farmers to look to ne 5 1 in the 270 270 70 270 270 
idstone, the celebrated gardens of Sandey and Biggles- British colonies and the 8 If it is ra 40 N Lucern, 10 p f Garden ; Total, 320 perches. 
e. ples of sterility, there are Dersingham | tageous to those who dianat make up their minds t “Ia hich a > 
Heath, in Norfolk ; Leith Hill and Hind Head, Surrey; migra „ where they will find, within our ble £ : ‘cope ™ a Ne ve presente 
with Woolmer, and Alice Holt Forest, Hamp- own shores, land similar to that which they are leaving, a gon changes that * ar t OF neo 
shire. Similar examples might be adduced from most and in the cultivation of whic rag ll 52 ad 8 goo — F bi ki pr opa rtions ns ated in the 
of the other grou strata which geological | experi —such knowledge is al e of — may a a an m apes ye n — a 
enga roan as 1 the 2, And yet settler in a new country, where ies iu or the = — the “ps s, according to the qu wo d n 
maps represent the variations of | cannot be known from the appearance of the other cirew „e and yet pia “aap epart- 
soils, 8 that the agricultural characters of a district | where the spontaneous vegetation, being diferent n ing from the general arran ae ae eee e 
be kno nspection of tl Every | that to which the settler has been accustomed, cannot Suitable classes 3 crops = ow t 
intelligent farmer, who — oak any sttention ' to strata | be relied upon as an indication of poring G wean after to — pein ere sony ih 
and geo! ogi aps, knows that this is not the case. long observation. ogical structu ever, may Loo e table, and point ere y 
He knows that n every group of strata, united by the be relied on, * the world over. The 5 a od 0 vant f „thoug on such sl 
of a common blage of fossils, there are | of the roc from a covering of transported for Wheat, may be unfit for Barle such soils 
great variety of soils of very eel lues. He eren and ieee bstances composing that covering Wheat, ses ‘ad Oats should be bro ught i o the rota- 
knows that these are i ixed wi i present, are indications of the agricultural feos tions in its “ee shou be left ont, a Beans, 
larity, and he of Vartalon on the bilities of a country immediately and implicitly befo nad Eee -head oe r Seren C heir place: 
maps respecting which he is told such wonders. Is it a plough has been Ags into the ae nd, an oe while every | Rape, also, would fae such soil — any sort 
surprising, then, that farmers treat ge as a delusion plant which springs up on i stranger to at Turnip, or reer Beet. Butit is to be remembered: 
r an im surprising that the question the settler. that thorough draining and careful tillage will make a 
ld ha lately raised in a farmers’ club, whether aoe fit er aras bir and neraed other crops which are 
z p 
u 
knowledge of geology is of any use to the farmer, an 
been d in the negative ? 
(Mr. Trimmer's lecture will be continued in our next. ] | 
its natural 
On a very 3 soil, what cropping would be pre- 
ferable to that stated in the table ?—On a very 
properly cultivated, however—if ted to practical 1 sandy 
ques nd if made to combine the geology of the Rebiedos. soil, Rye and Oats should * of Wheat and. 
surf; that of the su eology is of the Barley, and Peas and Carrots should in place of 
utmos agriculture. present at The Elementary Catechima ae Farming. Beans; and so in other details, chaiges should be made, 
is di roombridge an accordin to the quality of the soil. 
— ger e T 15 = gika pret Bo Ir any one desires to help pe allotment tenantry or 2 ight inte q relay * or rope oi introduced between 
£ any advantage to the fa io kass | cultivators of small farm 22 their land more som eta ve re ded 1 Inter 
anything of the composition and qualities of the soils omen e —5 —— hitherto hav © been ac ace — = med 3 erops might b be Introduced wags those aa 
: to do—w men ittle catechism ded ; for 
hich pom p 1 nd eee of po cl a 2 as N * ber emir useful for distribution among them. ni eat e 
ten | 
and all the — 2 of 
adjoinin ng districts, a 
agricu 
s a sample of the — * 4 — a re of the 
ee on the M wo-acre 
Are there any fixed 8 — which small hake in 
As neral shoul ld be 3 d 2— 
—— ae ge 
D ottage farmer living 
may find — Pe —.— and er nv egetavies are the 
most — e e in but if he 
ce make more money by keeping cows pet pigs, be sho mld | 
grow Vetches, Clover, ae Beet,* Parsnips, &c. for 
them, as largely as poss 
= May not the two acres ‘He left beneficially in 3 
for a cow i- No: it would be very ex in a 
cottage farmer to keep his small piece of . under 
pasture, unless it were low ground, liable to be over- 
flowed by water. One acre of tillage will vield as much 
food for a cow as three in pastur 
“ Are there any rules which every c on should 
always follow ? a snc 0 t a rules 
8 aig deeply, 
oose and clean, 
might be sown im 
moval of Wheat, ozsa on a part intended for 
winter — 
— add that . eee. of — ineludes 
Land Draining : _ 
o-acre Farm—C 
e —the Dairy— Pig- g keeping- Bees s and 
n the Culture eer a Ten 
| | Offices. 
Miscellaneous. 
Trial of Rea aping span im * Wheat Stubble, Jan. 2, 
852.—“ That n may be 
an ascertained fact, and w hile 
8 kill, of Bev verley, for first introduci 
clebrated 5 
we 
re sr 3 it wil. spirit which bids fair to bring 
it into common use next harvest. Mr. Charles Ingle, 
of Cridling Stubbs, was pres ent when the first Hussey’s 
— | danse 
* Cattle Beet is more casi!y pronounced than the German 
of the same plant Manz old Wurzel. 
* Intercalary means anything Poss ma do brought in 
between other things, out of regular order, J 
