THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
crop of plants, which, in it collecting organic, which I select == . 
ROTATION OF CROPS, n e py abundantly ane tea air, give to the ea 50 — — ory, at a eee from a number m 
Wr not find Liebig at all explicit on the modus | — but still in sufficient amount for . — e dem: ingre — represent itz 
t, in appropriating its peeulia inorganic 
sper by ee. 2 t 3 the oil of those | ma: Thus, i in an alternation of eropa, each crop = matter 55 — 18.18 
which ter into its organism. It is true he speaks | W . of organic excrements to act on the Sol bene a imo” bn * iT 12 
of one plant leaving behind (2) that which a second, and | inorganic —— the soil to — — . — Carbonate of lim ie * 
the second that which a third, may require, and he also | nutriment to — ing on d each e thu Sand ie k > “te ui 
says, which may serve to explain the meaning he would supplied in viited to its n a rough ‘ie agency Ae 
give to leaving behind, “ when substances “which of the preceding crop, and with little waste to the soil ; F 1 
incapable of being employed in the nutrition of a * porat es, 
exist in the matter eon py by the roots, they m 
returned e soil;“ but he leaves 22 in 
sea in concluding his cha “On the Alternation n 
— for he says, “The reasons why this in terchange 
contrary, whi ich 0 
Pr part of agriculture are, therefore, | the artificial pro- 
duction of humus, and the cultivation of different kinds 
the sami „in such an order of 
* extract only certain com- 
whilst it leaves behind or restores those 
may require for 
wth and renek development. 
it is upon tion of humus by an artificial 
cultivation that he appears rely for beneficial 
results from the alte: is 
freely dilates and 
of existing compounds in a plant, he says, “ 
matters w are excreted "by the 
and blossoms, solid excrements deposited in the 
— 1 fluid soluble eee which are eliminated 
by the roots... . Substances containing a 
carbon 
t 
and were capable of reine 1 der into hum 
t the 
the 
8 the food, and of the new forms which it 
pa Aa the composition of the various 
e he ascribes some of the benefits 
Sivas tha altevrabiion of certain crops to thi 2 ane 
— . quantity of inorganic matter, appears t 
attribute far more to their supplying the soil wit 
417 bakht 
amount of soluble earthy matters, necessarily 
stronger solution of them. G. 
NOTE ON E ADULTERATION OF GUANO. 
na former number of the Transactions sas the o Society, 
I 1 published a variety of facts regarding the 
4 which org! ome under m notice at that time, 
7 Now, 
and of the 
o | analysis above, san have. this most 
ration ue 
a mixtur 
P e of equal . of this 
n guano, of which I — 0 
Wa er eee 
— matter 2 
Ammonia . 
which b ee 55 to the, 
the 
ie 7 ore than likel: 
are excreted by the roots and absorbed | i 
i these matte 
nism of he e piani ekba ii 
on their guard. Som neha however, have recently come 
Gite = lead me to . 8 adulterated. guano is 
eotland to a much r extent than is 
arate Herr sy Mold i in ‘Scotlands for, so far 
resent in m goes, I have no reason to 
suppose that the 8 b is 3 sed here 
the eargoes which I Wer been e to trace havin 
been impo: from ren ngland, where 
the 
— 1 
as my 
ak piser in ne Transactions arise mainly from a 
series of yro ich. have recently — in the 
Gardeners’ — on low-pri After 
ns out (wliat ought to be familiar to every one 
terated, cautiously | 
— 1 3 indi viduals ; and, among 
others, he says, “ We should not be re if a bad 
opinion were entertain ori cargo of the Pandora, 
Captain Jay, which loaded at the Mudhole Tier, and 
sailed for Berwick wi ns of guano in bu we 
The publication of thin article eaused great 
* ire, and samples were 1 to re 
oth by the owners of the mes A 
differ ent Fentlemen who had purchased quan 
analyses of portions from different ae 5 of the 
cargo all showed large 8 ne = extent 
of adulteration varied in different portions, as e 
bi eeted, from the difficulty, or or alot impossibility, of 
making a ectly uniform mixture on th e scale. 
H 
— I give the results of three of these —— . 
d for 
Spt — . bodies, and re ‘Preventing 
of ammonia fro th ie by e 
I 
No. II. No, III. 
| No. I. 
ulteration seems 0 be . on in a wholesale 2 
tireumstances which induce me again to refer to n- 
0 
8 have been sold at the places 
ey have — sent from there for 
1 the resu y have prevented their 0 
course, I have ve information on that point. 
2 
Carbonate c of lime 
8 
100.00 | 100.00 
10.36 | 11,04 
e easy to multiply these 
14,86 
22.84 
26.19 
21.32 
2.19 
6.55 
6.05 
100.60 
7.59 
Orga s matter and a 
Phos spbates ar 
a hate of lime 
— — 1 
Alkaline 
Sand 
Ammonia 
* For = comparisons sake, T give ihe analysis of a good 
— matter and ammoniseal salis 
_ — 
ts 
100-00 
It 88 pore that the adulterated srt: this 
t would 
I have en wi will suffice to show how very 
the practice of adulteration is; and t to im 
tion in the purchase of an article upon 
of his success depends, Thomas 4 
Chemist to the Society. 
y the old Poor-law for Scotland the rate 
riled between the landlords, called heritors, and #8 
t was raised on the hem 
the 
instance contains a quantity of sulphate of lime, or under the charge of 
gypsum, varying in diferent parts of the e from 14 | the may 
to 28 per cent. In consequence of this ce He they are 
per centage of is — fi 17.5, the | election being made by th 
in genuine Peruvian, to 10.62 and 7.59, may fix the rate, te, accord 0 
On the other hand, the quantity of phosphates is | Parish, on means min 
higher in the adul in the genuine guano; | rental either received or paid by mioh 
* f and about 5 or 6 — of sand is found, whereas the | propert, — h cs d contributo to nor the Jate 
assimi- | usual is 1.5, and i is | poor. nae ee i 
Ke a —— out the least by those obvious, ag ped ood ae e ele the ab right to be on the T 
6 ape yet without of the way in which Se oe 8.4 they have been adulterated with the helpless i they ee pu 
w. rich in 5 i the English 
= ments of the soil are su in ount of ae fee sci * churches, —— ie oa 
of crops. nig this | which form the adulteration, amount together to about so obligatory was this o 
inscribe what we believe to eae be the whole guano; or, in other 8, such a contribute a halfpenny oF 
Gia pees be 3 by adding one ton church through pride or 
of the soil of women H crudeinorganie — of guano, In doing this, however, the | Were distributed under 
i -earbonie acid introduced per centage f —— tes would be ced from 22, | of "a kirk and heritors ; the | 
of plants; for the experiments | the ormal quantity, to somewhere about 14 per cent, interfered, and 
rocks nara we find u 25 per cent; — who, from age, 
al 10 per able causes, w to sK 
er aalicrating their ep no —— 
d or 8 in | sidered as affticted b. 
i i tem 
