— THE 
——— * 
619 
ordinary reapers se 
t 
robably 
fi Tre 
— England and Seotland to New South Wales, ſorm 
argum ments in favour of good an and 
great a th 
d 
elements, it was 7 — 
n | characters of the Turnip s l ma 
1 within a considerable ciiin round London, 
that i = le 
18 
be le a, in —.— 
nal manner upon indi 
large fall of rain, in conju 
d 1846 
at the a of rain was considerably larger 
46 than i in 1846; 3 . -_ chiefly to the co 
—— ce of a much Jo 
ee 1845 than 
was U 
e, it — than — "of the inter. Ind 
eed, the Turnip 
t, and chat “i e the 
ve the best grain, which is 
knocked om — hy — the 
er ay bad wi 4 — 
of the 2 — s in eutting with the 
im 
sickle, — eh s rara — o is, that the straw 
is much eo compressed,” and when up is thereby 
eae so as to be fit for — built into a 
popa corn-ri 
na moist — such as this, any practice which 
k it 
ve 
ked in . the crops cut with the 
** 
sickle — be stacked. “This — be attended with case may be. We 
ney. each 51 month or “other sub-divisiona period far 
ttending the use of a 
urged by poe that however 
plausible such considerations are in favour of reapi 
— their — would — — to the 
wages are 
too o 
stuff when —— 
rainy days we have arran 
d 
collectively, The 
c 
elements — — above 
sound tur: 
— — if we give, in ce ery general way, an praras 
method of stu ae any — climatic figures 
we shay think fit to adopt. 
Taki ing, for instance, ‘the several points of mea 
maximum, mean minimum, mean, and mean — ranges 
of — — inches of rain and the ber of 
ed—first, for the whole period f. 
or season under ¢ ne mers — figures each of 
these —— separately, in — — “weekly or 
monthly periods, of ‘the afferent ae es, as the 
next bring toge — 
especti ivel Y; 
- — constituens an 
wer — 
would emed o various, even under 
cue climatic 
eireum — of 
, according to the nature and source o 
and to the conditions in which they are 
~~ ree _— that 8 evaporation 
itself 4 ee attributed 
even to the — climatig in — a i 
g 
of t nstituents, mt to the! proportions of 
_ and bulb which they may form, x 
ing or collecting n 
functions respectively of the crop. J. B. Lawes 
ice Correspondence. 
is the cheapest wap most > gg ar 
for all hea 
hav 
5 ; and . is allie their * ee 
in — for 
1 a 
figures in each of 
ual quantities for the several years or places 
— reduced to their indiees - that is —— corres — 
ing tables are drawn out, in the colum which e 
fi mame the order only of the — AT quantites, yea 
these enera 7- of pedii 
Bone Manure 
} manures now in sae 
well as 
scientific as the „e pra 
e given ita fair trial in e eshir 
ultimately all England, I believe, will ado opt 
pa It is 30 years since my father — the 
system of farming, more to be particularised in the latter 
part of this letter, under the 
Warbur- 
ton, of Arley Hall, who, it may truly be said, is ranked 
s a leader of its uction in Cheshire. Many a 
mer wishes him long life and happiness, as a warm 
ro There are 
two plans laid down as the best for the use of bones. 
1 d drain (say 36 inches deep, and 7 yards 
apart) a ag 4 cold heavy loam, break it up with white 
rop, follo a p manured 
agricultu ure employment and compared with year, or place with e A a 
fattoo somty in Trl pare —— — — —— aa fF cones — ia ai ies of — ‘the Harleys ie * eat. en ee a 
The objection is founded on m assum e weekly or mon ily riods of which the h te se ro 8 8. and — sP roller or 
evil of reaping ‘machines — placing supposed to be constituted, - these peter ante “ee agar 2 vif a E at o inf i up your 
manual labour, being an airy vision m reduced — ; column of their indices." In som Wh $ rs xt ag . ap ie look — in 
pe 4 8 paies say oneal ee a i white $00; the several points are ane to the — of 2 Sept 3 a kap 2 oe 3 a 2 a 
j ree kingdom i all the diag 35 ö j 
reapers who could be commanded, would shorten the übe case of our own field eie, we have a e 28 e 8 b pes 1 Able 
Period of cutting work say one-half, n an average, arranged by the side both of the —— climatic sta- before karay sets in, 5 T poa willbe 11 the sg * 
ay 14 days, —but what would the consequence ? tistics, and of their g both the actual amounts of t Stand the ng 2 % s Ihe! — 
‘the mer would thereby secure his crop at less produce under otherwi e equal cireumstance of growth, jot Clovers to pay Jou for the manureat once 2 pa 
— eet with less loss, he would be the better able, | and their order or — er the subject so aaia Bien gis ar aao Octo r November. = v 4 
savings, to employ extra hands after harvest in | in its more general and ext ded pih a diagram is | MOWMSS, inio o ee lowi Ke 12 t0 15 = 
Semen and cleaning land for Beans, Oats, and winter | frequently found the most —ä— — of arrange- | CATI in the 2 ing "i — Land 8 3 
rag en is cattle and sheep upon in spring. The | ment. thods such re —— eee eae tances 14 
Z —— ing of his stubble d would also induce | body of figures of detail, with which i ill PEN My nT 3 3 
— reo a ich deep, burying the Couch Grass in the deal in studying this subject by the aid ofe statisties, i ig | Mout ae vered pasture 
— 0 plember, i = — stubble set apart for deep- brought at once to a fe d ch tg? AR to ne of well ground 
crops ring. In this proper and | teristic indications; and when these are once fixed upon fin kag putes ed ith success + 
— method — ane labourers, we see a the mind, of a more minute and detailed , a ~ 3 paris oe ae, 
— pea nomic and — e method of serving | e eter wi en more conveniently traced in the — “gg M 9 that eicht wich 
er r g agricultural classes, than by en couraging | a aA of detail themselves. h ~ Land d tr 0 te ee that 
Ba arga oyment, in 3 by hand labour against esides these more tangible and obvious g ee ka aR i, sta has 
pe x tem and a less expensive one, of mechanical | ters wah prad or season, affecting the accumulation an Saag f T d wie andthe old bones 
man elaboration of ble substance, the general or cha- te 3 = = yee ia sd tale in th 
i racteristic influence of which upon the growth of som Me ibe: eee e a Bany eight of. 
i of the rotations, we endeavoured to illustrate white baan — 16 nis rly reviousl 
* — saa oon WRITER or by — of a — get revere of statistics relating eee, eee ts 3 8 thod of 
ports 225 the that -within certain limits, le 
ee es d continwity 
of ra Any on . who 
has attempted carefully to — — 
tangible elements of amely, of — 
minimum, and mean te — ol tempera 
p- yad of ara and number of rainy days (to say molting 
f the atmosphere, and the 2 
sun’s rays), of different seaso 
ey sees wit 
ie 
to trace the real in flue 
arious coun tries 
one time, a —— was contem- 
istricts of Europe, 
this poi 
It was, too, under the full eon 
— 
Uni e e ney he ge 
vate hen, 
c | throug 
a determining — — an — and the character of the = 
our rotations, To 
of Liebig o 
ni ; 
3 to th — K— 
ene . 
only referred in 
a ve veneer — 
See paper nip e culture, Journal of the Royal 
Agricultural Society, ol. VIII., Part 2, p. 539. 
It must be remembered, then, ae the Turnip plant, cul- 
sh sen mt naa: for stock, is gath — an ell-defined stage 
of it but whilst containing amount of 
lating “ful, ihe he proportion and — aaa of which is 
ubject t t variation, under the influences ot the vive 
— vital. . sses of the — the varyin 
moisture and of food presented to the . — and seii 
stances of temperature, light, — moisture of the atmosphere, to 
which the leaves are exposed.” 
Each of these influences, n 
atmosphere, 
K — . of the. sun's "y 
ou 
and the v 
our seasons, plays very important par 
of the v rops as grown in 
the Inter influence a writer “R.” does not refer 
ar as we are aware, no one has hitherto attempted to 
di 
poor 
amely, the moisture of the 
> 
3 and, | | great ce s — 
12 ane 
rely the flonting an 
tou rther | littl 
elucidation of some of the phenomena, of our — e the 8 we. 
ope ourselves to am 80 
3 
E. 
a point, however, ang 
follow — on some future oceasi 
0 
Upon the moisture of the ‘atmosphere 2 writer R.“ it has 
lays much stress, partly in f the omi 
n this — a —— 
its direct ee u 
endeav 
eming om — ofo 
given it an undue eee ee However close, 
and in some cases even direct, may be the 
o | great blossom on our fruit trees a t a rough 
"ad a fortnight dag te gg not tn ee down 
e t spr 
8 on this point, he has himself f. 
to 
bevis — laying 2 Grass as won land for 20 to 
ears, is now considered 
—.— thrown up 5 the mae — of 3 
are heavier, and 100 per cent. more nutritious, than 
ioe of % —_ — old lends not 
— ores of years. The 
3 
otherfiel d. Thinking — m may be pleased with 
2 — of our late d present p i 
neighbourhood, I I write rai . vou a brief pe 
them first place, Wheat is » wate 
very light, an 
n good 
ost du 
ta spring we had a 
wind in 
de sad havoc, which was completed by the 
early all that w 
On touching the 
t tastes quite sensibly 
mnection } 
| between evaporation and the fixation of certain consti- | with th 
tuents in ts, ccord eri - | nauseous. 
on this subject, with 2 eepesalc 1 s AT 
We have had grent heat for —— 
nnn thunder-storms, which 
é 
