FRUIT UNDER GLASS. I4I 
abundantly into the bottoms of these beds, and I was told a 
good quantity of guano was sprinkled in the bottom of the beds 
for feeding. The late Mr. Johnstone, of Glamis Castle, was 
foreman to Mr. Fowler, and went to Glamis about that time as 
gardener. Lord Strathmore built a lot of new vineries, and 
Johnstone followed out at Glamis the same practiee of having 
beds of leaves on the vinery borders, and with equally good 
results, for he carried all before him for years in the exhibits of 
grapes. 
Looking back, however, to these two instances of ephemeral 
success it is seen the vines were made to make a grand effort 
for a few years in their youth, and then came a great collapse, for 
the same vines soon became enfeebled and unfruitful. 
The contrast between these vines grown in a leafy medium 
and, say, those grown for the last thirty years at Clovenfords is 
most striking. The vines planted thirty years ago at Cloven- 
fords are as full of vigour now as ever they were, and produce as 
fine bunches and finish the grapes as well as one would wish to 
see. The feeding given to the latter all these thirty years has 
been solely finely powdered bone superphosphates, which always 
seems to attract a network of fibrous roots to the surface of the 
border. 
Some gardeners cover the outside borders with wooden 
shutters. The only benefit I could ever see from that was that 
in a district where the rainfall is very heavy, in Ireland for 
instance, by putting shutters in the middle of July on the borders 
of a vinery filled with almost ripe Hamboro grapes, the grapes 
hang better through the autumn from the dry border than they 
would if the border had been soaked with rain. Some cover 
the outside border with glass, which I believe is the best 
covering, but in ordinary et districts the borders are best with- 
out any covering. 
Heating and airing is the next consideration, and I believe a 
large body of gardeners have yet to give to both these points 
more careful study. 
The fine, large, lightly-constructed vineries we have nowa- 
days are apt to be much too air-tight. The want of air is most 
_ Prejudicial to any fruit grown under glass, and to none more so 
than to the vine. Of course you have the usual top and bottom 
