78 INTRODUCTION. 



" It is an attempt," says Dr. Shaw, " to combine, 

 in some degree, natural and civil histoiy, by attach- 

 ing the memory of some illustrious ancient name to 

 an insect of a particular cast." The first Linnasan 

 division consists of Equites, which are distinguished 

 by the shape of the upper wings ; these are longer, 

 measured from their posterior angle to their ante- 

 rior extremity, than from the same point to the 

 base ; the antennae sometimes filiform. The equites 

 are denominated Troes or Trojans, distinguished by 

 having blood-coloured spots on each side of the 

 breast : or Jchivi, Greeks, which are without red 

 marks on the breast, of gayer colours, and having 

 an eye-shaped spot on the anal angle of the inferior 

 wings. The second division consists of Heliconii, 

 which are distinguished by having the wings narrow 

 and entire, often naked or without scales ; the su- 

 perior oblong, the inferior very short. The third 

 division consists of the Danai, so called from the 

 sons and daughters of Danaus. They are divided 

 into Danai candidly or such as have whitish wings, 

 and Danai festivi, in which the ground colour is 

 never white, and the surface variegated. The fourth 

 division consists of the Nymphales, distinguished by 

 the edges of the wings being scolloped or indented ; 

 it is subdivided into N. gemmati, in which the wings 

 are marked with ocellated spots, and N. Phalerati, 

 without these spots. The fifth division contains 

 the Pleheii. These are commonly smaller than the 

 preceding butterflies, and are subdivided into ru- 



