302 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, ETC. 
eastern wall of the chamber up to the entrance door. The surface of the 
present floor there is 5 ft. 9 in. below the level of the original granular 
stalagmitic floor, and the trench attained a depth of 1 ft. 6 in. at the inner 
end up to 5 ft. at the entrance, the depth being determined when bed-rock 
was reached. After sorting all excavated material this trench was refilled, 
and three other wide trenches at right angles to the first were made, begin- 
ning at the entrance to the cavern transversely across the passage way. Each 
portion was filled up as soon as bed-rock was encountered, that imme- 
diately inside the door being 7 ft. deep, the next 8 ft., and the third 4 ft. 3 in. 
deep. It is interesting to note that the foregoing shows that the opening 
into the cave at this point must have been at least three times the height that 
it appeared when operations were begun early last century. 
‘ Specimens of the usual cave fauna were found, including a right ramus 
of the lower jaw of a hyena, with its condyle and lower border ungnawed ; 
it is most unusual to find one in this state in Kent’s Cavern, as the hyena 
always seems to have left as little as possible of the remains of his deceased 
relatives. 
‘ The discovery of the bony base of a rhinoceros horn is also of interest. 
* Artifacts found included a fine bone awl and two similar) but less 
noticeable specimens ; also small tines of deers’ antlers which seem to 
have been used as borers. Flint flakes and chips were met with occasionally, 
and encourage the belief that more finished flint-work, of which they are 
the remains, will be found not far away next season.’ (Signed) F. BEYNON, 
ARTHUR H, OGILVIE. 
The Committee asks to be reappointed, with a small grant for the employ- 
ment of a labourer to remove excavated material after examination. The 
expenditure on labourer’s wages during the period covered by this report 
amounted to £8 13s. 9d., of which £5 was met by the British Association’s 
grant. 
SUMERIAN COPPER. 
Fifth Interim Report, by Dr. C. H. Descu, F.R.S., of Committee appointed 
to report on the Probable Sources of the Supply of Copper used by the 
Sumerians (Mr. H. J. E. Peake, Chairman ; Dr. C. H. Descu, F.R.S., 
Secretary ; Mr. H. Batrour, F.R.S.; Mr. L. H. DupLey Buxton ; 
Prof. V. GorDON CHILDE; Mr. O. Davies; Prof. H. J. FLeure; 
Sir FLINDERS PETRIE, F.R. S.; ty eagle RASTALL). 
SINCE the publication of the last Report the analytical work of the Committee 
has been transferred from the University of Sheffield to the National 
Physical Laboratory. Specimens have been received from a number of 
sites, together with a few ores. ‘The presence of arsenic in relatively high 
proportion in several objects of early date has made it necessary to regard 
this, like nickel, as a key element, which should assist in the location of the 
source of the original copper. Unfortunately, the information as to the 
actual composition of copper ores in the regions now being studied is very 
scanty. As a rule, the statements in works of reference, and even in 
geological monographs, are confined to a record of the occurrence of copper, 
together with a figure expressing the average richness of the ore, with 
statistics of production where the mine has been recently worked. It is 
