SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS ,—H. 519 
and quartzite which occur in association with lean-to dolmens, standing 
stones, part of a stone row, stone circles, tumuli and kists indicates that this 
isolated granite island in the Severn Sea was occupied by at least two pre- 
historic communities of Cornubian affinity. 
Evidence on the island suggests that an early and backward settlement of 
Neolithic cultural type was absorbed or replaced by a subsequent population 
of Mesolithic or Early Bronze Age culture. 
The earlier community seems to have produced and employed distructive 
tools, including rostrated round scrapers, deeply notched flakes, limpet- 
lifters and limpet-hammers. 
The later community is to be associated with the more elaborate tools of 
blue flint, with the stone monuments and the graves. Discoveries of barrel- 
shaped collared beads and fragments of a gilt-bronze ornament, together 
with cylindrical and spherical beads of cobalt glass, point to an occupation 
of Lundy by a Viking or Irish Early Iron Age people. An inscribed mono- 
lith bears out the former conclusion. 
The island was known to the Romans as Herculea, while it appears as 
Caer Sidi, the Fortress of the Fairies in Welsh folk-lore. Its recorded 
history, which begins in thetwelfth century, is one of many short occupations 
by a succession of transient communities, including rebellious French nobles, 
Scottish sea-raiders, Spanish pirates, Turkish corsairs, English privateers, 
soldiers, farmers, monks and quarrymen. 
Dr. A. Ratstrick.—Developed Tardenoisian sites in N.E. England (3.15). 
Many surface finds of flints of Mesolithic type have been recorded in recent 
years from the North of England, but only rarely have flint sites been excavated 
in a position with clear stratigraphy, until the work of Buckley and Armstrong. 
This paper records several sites from the north-east coast, which occur on 
the boulder clay and are covered by the coastal sand-dune belt, and several 
sites from the Pennines where peat (dated by pollen analysis methods) is 
the cover. Some of the coastal sites are very rich and have yielded a few 
thousand flint chips and implements, sufficient to warrant a statistical 
summary of the culture. The main types of worked flint are very beautiful 
elongated cores and core scrapers, small circular scrapers, blades with 
secondary microlithic chipping, and geometric and semi-geometric ‘ pygmy ’ 
points. The culture shows local development from early Tardenoisian, 
and is occasionally associated with finely chipped arrow points and early 
types of Neolithic implements. The relation of the sites to the sand-dunes 
and coastal ‘ forest-bed ’ peats has been investigated, as well as the age of 
the peat cover of the Pennine sites. 
Dr, F. OswaLp.—Margidunum, a Claudian camp on the Fosse Way (3.35). 
Mr. BertraM Tuomas, O.B.E.—The first crossing of the South Arabian 
Desert (5.30). 
Friday, September 8. 
Prof. C. DaryLL Forpe.—Native warfare on the Lower Colorado River 
(10.0). 
The tribes of the Lower Colorado River are remarkable for their cultural 
divergence from immediately surrounding peoples. They are not transi- 
tional between the Pueblo peoples to the east and the Central Californians 
to the west and appear to have been uninfluenced by the westward infiltration 
