560 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.—K*. 
maintained through early and middle ages solely for sporting purposes. 
On majority of estates before the war little planting but for sport. Debt of 
sport to forestry, very little owing to general absence of organised forestry. 
Introduction of new species cuts both ways. Present-day position. Uni- 
versal interest both in sport and forestry. Financial importance of both 
subjects. Vital necessity of friendly relationship. Pessimism no excuse 
for inaction. Points of contact. Very large areas of woodland are of no 
value for sporting. Ground game should not come under sporting. 
Pheasant and grouse shooting the only types of sport affected by forestry. 
Very few grouse moors should be afforested from the financial or silvi- 
cultural point of view. Pheasant shooting inevitably very closely bound 
up with forestry. Requirements of pheasant pr serves. Coverts, nesting 
ground, flushing points. Effects on these of systematic forest management. 
Importance of size and distribution of woodland area upon the sporting. 
Treatment of (a) large blocks, (6b) scattered woodlands. Formation of 
flushing points for permanent covert. 
Dr. M. C. Rayner.—An account of recent experimental work on Mycorrhiza 
in relation to forestry. 
Experimental evidence is offered that there exists a direct causal relation 
between presence of mycorrhiza (where there is evidence of normal func- 
tioning) and satisfactory growth in seedlings of several species of Pine. 
On soils where formation of mycorrhiza by young trees is inhibited 
or markedly delayed, it can be expedited by inoculation of seed plots, 
previous to sowing, with small quantities of humus known to contain active 
mycorrhizas of the host tree. 
It is not believed, however, that this treatment alone will remove the 
trouble permanently on certain soils, since the development and func- 
tioning of healthy mycorrhiza is conditioned by the physiological state of 
both roots and mycelium. This in turn is bound up with environmental 
soil factors, and it may be expected therefore that experimental modification of 
such factors will be reflected in the condition of the root system, both in 
regard to the amount and kind of mycorrhiza formed. 
Following the adoption of a working hypothesis that the correct environ- 
ment is bound up with certain humus constituents of the soil, the results of 
experiments involving the application of special organic composts are 
described and illustrated by means of lantern slides. 
Tuesday, September 12. 
Mr. J. A. B. Macponatp.—Preliminary results from peat planting experi- 
ments at the Lon Mor Experimental Station (10.0). 
This area of poor Scirpus peat moorland was selected in 1925. The 
exposure is full and the underlying rock an acid gneiss. 
Before draining the dominant Scirpus was accompanied by much Erica 
tetralix. In addition to Sphagnum species Rhacomitrum was frequent. 
The lichen Cladina and the liverwort Pleurozia also occurred. 
Previous investigations had shown notched planting to be radically 
unsuited for this type of ground. 
To permit plant roots to ramify without delay the system of planting, 
later to be known as the ‘ shallow-turf ’ method, was devised. 
From an early date it was intended to investigate mechanical means ‘of 
draining and turf provision in order to reduce otherwise prohibitive costs. 
