18 REPORT — 1859. 



in combination with mercury, lead, &c, or with the so-called organo-me- 

 tallic compounds* ; e.g. — 



C 2 H 5 Zn + ClHg = C 2 H 5 Hg + ClZn. 



Zinc-ethyl. Mercury-ethyl. 



C 2 H 5 Zn + C 2 H 5 Hg 2 I = (C 2 H 5 ) 2 Hg 2 + Zn I 



Zinc-ethyl. Iodide of Mercury-ethyl, 



mercurous ethyl. 



CH 3 Zn + C 2 H 5 SnI = ^g'lsn + Znl 



Zinc- Iodide of ^ n J 



methyl. stanethyl. Stanethyl- 



metbyl. 



(E) The substitution of potassium and sodium for zinc in combination 

 with methyl or ethyl-)- : — 



2(C 2 H 5 Zn) + Na a = 2(C 2 H 5 Na) + Zn 2 

 Zinc-ethyl. Sodium-ethyl. 



(F) The formation of binoxides of organic radicles J ; e. g. — 



2(C 7 H 5 0C1) + Ba 2 2 = (C 7 H 5 0) 2 2 + 2BaCl 



Chloride of benzoyl. Binoxide of benzoyl. 



(G) The conversion of aldehydes into the corresponding alcohols and 

 acids by the action of alcoholic potash § ; e.g. — 



2C 7 H 6 + KHO = C 7 H 8 + C 7 H 5 K0 2 



Benzoic Benzylic Benzoate of 



aldehyde. alcohol. potassium. 



2C io H i6 0+KHO _ c 10 H 18 O + C 10 H 16 KO 2 



Camphor. Campholic Camphate of 



alcohol. potassium. 



(H) The formation of acediamine by the action of heat on hydrochlorate 

 of acetamide || : — 



(c4)'"} n +(C?ht} n - < C2H3 >"'In 2 4- ( C2H3 >""lo 2 



H }0 H JO H> J H / 



Acetamide. Acetamide. Acediamine. Acetic acid. 



This reaction is interesting, as illustrating simultaneously the connexion 

 of acetamide with the derivatives of ammonia and with the derivatives of 

 water. Of the two atoms of acetamide which take part in the formation of 

 acediamine, one reacts as an amide, the other as a hydrate. The following 

 is a comparable reaction : — 



CI \ CI 



(so 2 )"| o +(so 2 )"| o = (S0 2 )"cM S g7}0 2 . 



Chlorohydrated Chlorohydrated Chlorosul- Sulphuric 



sulphuric acid. sulphuric acid. phuric acid. acid. 



(I) The action of chloride of phosphorus on amides, and the formation 

 thereby of a new class of chloronitrides^[ ; e.g 



* Buckton, Proc. Roy. Soc. ix. 309 ; Frankland, Proc. Roy. Soc. ix. 672. 



t Wanklyn, Ann. Chem. Pharm. cviii. 67. 



t Brodie, Proc. Roy. Soc. ix. 361 ; Ann. Chem. Pharm. cviii. 325. 



§ Cannizzaro, Ann. Chem. Pharm. Ixxxviii. 129; Kraut, ibid. xcii. 66; Berthelot, Ann. 

 Chim. Phys. [3] Ivi. 79. 



|| Strecker, Ann. Chem. Pharm. ciii. 325. 



IT Gerhardt, Ann Chim. Phys. [3] xlvi. 172; liii. 302; Limpricht and V. Uslar, Ann. 

 Chem. Pharm. cvi, 32, 41. 



