122 report — 1859. 



Asmus fossilis Fossil Ass or Zebra. 0. 



Hippopotamus major Large Fossil Hippopotamus. Ke. Ki. D. 



Megaceros Hibernicus Gigantic Irish Deer. Ke. 



Strongyloceros spelceus .... Gigantic Round-antlered Deer. Ke. 



Cervus Bucklandi Buckland's Deer. Devon. Ki. 



Bison minor 0. 



Bos longifrons Long-fronted Ox. 0. Ki. 



EECENT SPECIES. 



Rhinolophusferrum-equimim Great Horseshoe Bat. Ke. 



Sorex vulgaris Shrew. Ke. 



Meles taxus Badger. Ke. B. 



Putorius vulgaris Polecat. B. 



Putorius ennineus Stoat. Ke. B. O. ? Ki. 



Canis lupus Wolf. Ke. 0. K. G. ? 



Vulpes vulgaris Fox. Ke. 0. 



Felis catus Wild-cat. Ke. 



Arvicola amphibia Water- vole. Ke. B. 0. ? Ki. 



Arvicola agrestis Field-vole. Ke. Ki. 



Arvicola pratemis Bank-vole. Ke. 



Lepus variabilis Norway Hare. Ke. Ki. 



Lepus cuniculus Rabbit. Ke. B. KI. 



Cervus elaphus Bed-deer. Ke. Ki. 



Cervus tarandus Rein-deer. B. 



Cervus capreolus Roe-deer. Devon. 0. 



In the above list, initials are appended to the names for the purpose of showing in 

 what caverns the fossils are recorded to have been found : thus, Ke, Kent's Hole, 

 Torquay ; B, Berry Head, Ash Hole ; 0, Oreston ; Ki, Kirkdale ; G, Gower ; M, 

 the Mendip Caves ; and D, the Caves on Durdham Down, near Bristol. 



In all there are thirty-three species, of which seventeen are extinct, and sixteen 

 still exist, a few of the latter being locally extinct. Three additional species have 

 been found in other British caves, but no traces of them seem hitherto to have 

 been met with in Devonshire, namely, the Common Mouse, found in the Kirkdale 

 Cavern ; the Wild Hog, found in the caves of the Mendip Hills, and the Fallow 

 Deer, foimd, according to some authorities, in the caves of Kirkdale and Paviland. 

 Fourteen or perhaps sixteen species have been foimd at Oreston. Two species, 

 Cervus Bucklandi and Cervus capreolus, are assigned to Devonshire without the 

 cavern in which they were foimd being named. Hence nineteen or seventeen, as 

 the case may be, of the Devonshire list are unrepresented in the Oreston series. 

 The following species are, according to the present state of our knowledge, 

 peculiar to Oreston, namely, Asinus fossilis, Bison minor, Bos longifrons — all 

 extinct forms. 



After the lapse of thirty-six years since Mr. Whidby's last discovery of fossils 

 at Oreston, the quarrymen have found other caverns and fissures rich m bones, a 

 great number of which have been pm-chased by the author, and by him handed over 

 to the' British Museum. The new cavern was discovered towards the close of 1858 ; 

 and from information obtained from an old quarryman, who pointed out the direc- 

 tion of Mi\ Whidby's caverns (all of which had been destroyed by the ordinary 

 quarrying operations), it appeared that the new one was in the same line, — as if the 

 various caverns had been so many enlarged portions of one and the same original 

 line of fracture. 



The new cavern was about 90 feet long, and extended in a direction from north- 

 north-east to south-south-west, or very nearly that of the dip of the limestone beds. 

 It commenced about 8 feet below the top of the cliff and continued to its base, and 

 was about 52 feet high. At the top it was about 2 feet wide, gradually increasing 

 downwards, and reaching a width of 10 feet at bottom. The first or upper 8 

 feet were occupied with what the workmen call " gravel," which consisted of an- 

 gular portions of the adjacent limestone, mixed with a comparatively small amount 

 of sand. This limestone debris varied in dimensions from fragments of the size of 

 hazel nuts to pieces ten pounds in weight. This accumulation was entirely free 



