136 REPORT — 1859. 



April 1st. Greatest cold on grass 10 0- 0, on Narcissus pseudo-narcissus 10°"5. 



April 7th. Greatest heat on grass 82° - 5, on Saxifraga biflora 84°'7. 



April 8th. Greatest heat on grass 40 0, 9, on Bellis jjemmis 41 0- 8. 



April 9th. Greatest heat on grass 65° - 2, on Bellis perennis 66 0, 7. 



April 17th. Greatest heat on grass 68°'7, on leaves of Bellis perennis 71° 0. 



April 21st. Greatest heat on grass 64 0- 8, on Saxifraga biflora /3° - 8, and on Alyssum 



tortuosurn 67°'3. 

 April 22nd. Greatest cold on grass 21 0- 6, on leaves of Valeriana tuberosa 23 0- 0. 

 Greatest heat on grass 50°"2, on leaves of Valeriana tuberosa 53°'8, on Alyssum 



tortuosurn 54 0- 5, on Daphne cneorum 57°'5, and on Ibei-is sempervirens 6l°'0. 

 April 23rd. Greatest heat on grass 57°'5, one foot above grass 54°3, two feet above 



grass 52 0- 5, on Daphne cneorum 69°"7, on Gentiana acaulis 73°'8, on Veronica 



alpina 68°'l, on Iberis sempervirens 66°'0. 

 May 2nd. Greatest heat on grass G0 o, 5, on Iberis sempervirens 63°% and on Alyssum 



tortuosurn 64 0, 2. 

 May 3rd. Greatest heat on grass in shade 58 0, 4, on Alyssum tortuosurn 65°'6. 

 May 5th. Greatest heat on grass 63°'0, on leaves of Sedum acre 66° - l, on leaves of 



Dianthus deltoides 6l 0, 9, on Alyssum tortuosurn 6S o, 0, on Iberis sempervirens 



75 0, 5, on Gentiana acaulis 76°"8. 

 May 6th. Greatest cold on grass 28° - 9, on leaves of Lilium Martagon 28°7, and on 



leaves of Hyacinthus orientalis 3l°2. 

 Greatest heat on grass 69°" 2, on Gentiana acaulis 73° - 8, on Anemone Hortensis 



79°'0. 

 May 7th. Greatest cold on grass 32°-0, on leaf of Brassica oleracea 33°*8, on leaves 



of Althcea rosea 33 0- 6, and on leaves of Thymus vulgaris 35°"2. 

 Greatest heat on grass 68°'4, on Anemone ho7-te7isis 74 o- 0, and on Gentiana 



acaulis 74°-3. 

 May 8lh. At 2h 45m p.m. temperature on grass 70 o, 0, on Hyacinthus albus 74 0, 1, 



and on Bellis hortensis 74 0- 4. 

 Greatest heat during the day on grass 85°0, on Bellis hortensis 87 o- 0, on Phlox 



procumbens 88 0, 7, and on Hyacinthus albus 82 0- 9- 

 The above examples will be sufficient to show that the readings of thermometers 

 placed close above flowers are almost always higher than of those placed above 

 grass. 



The mean of thirty-nine readings on Gentiana acaulis shows this flower to be 2° 

 warmer than that of grass, the greatest difference being 7°'9. Other observa- 

 tions show Daphne cneorum to be l 0- 2 warmer than grass, the greatest difference 

 being 3°"7 ; Iberis sempervirens 2 0, 3 warmer ; Alyssum tortuosurn 2°-3 warmer ; 

 Saxifraga biflora 3 o, warmer ; Red daisy l°-7 warmer ; White daisy o, 2 warmer ; 

 Veronica alpina l° - 9 warmer; and Alyssum tortuosurn 2 0- 4 warmer than the leaves of 

 Reseda, and 2 0, 3 warmer than the leaves of the hollyhock. The greatest differ- 

 ence has occurred with a yellow tulip: it was never less than 10° warmer than grass, 

 and on May 15 th was 12° - 5 warmer. 



The observations have been made with a delicate set of instruments furnished 

 expressly for the purpose by Messrs. Negretti and Zambra, and the flowers have 

 been experimented upon both from the growing plant and from cut flowers placed in 

 bottles of water. The above observations have all been taken iu sunshine ; however, 

 from experiments made in the shade, it is found that the difference becomes much 

 less. 



Remarks on tlie Cultivation of the Opium Poppy of China. 

 By Dr. M'Gowan. 



Remarks on Vegetable Morphology and the Theory of the Metamorphosis of 

 Plants. By Maxwell T. Masters. 

 In this paper the morphological views held by the Greek botanical writers were 

 briefly passed in review ; and especial attention was called to a quotation from 

 Nicholas of Damascus, which seems to show that the foliar nature of the fruit was 

 not unsuspected by Aristotle and the other writers to whom Nicholas was chiefly' 



