404 HARRY FIELDING REID 



greater part, in a deep valley, and has been much affected by the warm 

 weather, and has consequently retreated. 



Professor Kilian^ has published a short account of the glaciers of the 

 Dauphine, in which he concludes that there is a general tendency 

 toward the diminution of these glaciers, and he thinks that a number of 

 them will disappear before long; some of the smaller ones have already 

 disappeared. 



All the glaciers of Savoy which have been observed are retreating, 

 and some of the small ones have disappeared. The same statement 

 applies to the glaciers of the Pyrenees, with the exception of one, the 

 Pai Bache, which has increased since 1883, but seems now to be re- 

 treating.^ 



Norway.— In the Jotunheim region twenty glaciers were found to 

 be retreating and four advancing. In the Jostedal four are retreating 

 and two advancing ; whereas in the Folgenfon the three glaciers observed 

 were all advancing. There seems to have been considerable difference 

 in the snowfall in the different regions, but it does not seem to corre- 

 spond to the changes in the glaciers. ^ 



Sweden. — The Mika glacier was found to have advanced from 7 to 

 10 meters between 1902 and 1904. 



Greenland. — The glacier of Jakobshavn has undergone many 

 changes in its water front; sometimes a portion of the front has ad- 

 vanced, and then again, as a result of the calving of the ice, it has been 

 cut back; but, on the whole, since 1902 the central parts of the end 

 retreated nearly 400 meters, and the sides about 210 meters. The 

 glacier has also diminished in thickness about 16 meters near the side. 

 Other small glaciers show a slight retreat. "* 



Russia. — A large number of glaciers have been visited in the 

 Caucasus, and they all seem to be retreating ; but some of them show 

 a swelling in their middle courses, which may cause an advance before 

 long. In the Pamir there are many small glaciers, some of which have 

 been advancing in the last few years. ^ 



^ Les Glaciers du Dauphine (Grenoble, 1904). 



2 Report of M. W. Kilian. 



3 Report of M. P. A. Oyen. 



4 Report of M. K. J. V. Steenstrup. 



5 Report of Colonel J. de Schokalsky. 



