II 



in the Pelican it is fully as large in proportion as in the Crocodiles, 

 which alone possess it among Reptiles. In the Pelican here described 

 the pyloric cavity measured 1^ inch in diameter, communicated by 

 a small transverse aperture with the gizzard, and by an opposite one, 

 of smaller size and obliquely placed, with the duodenum. Its lining 

 membrane is villous and vascular, and was in this instance tinged 

 with bile, which must have entered by regurgitation, as none of the 

 bihary ducts enter here. 



" The oesophagus is continued into the proventri cuius without any 

 marked constriction, and the latter passes insensibly into the part 

 analogous to the gizzard, which is comparatively of small size. The 

 gastric glands are simple elongated follicles, closely compacted to- 

 gether, and extended over nearly the whole proventriculus. 



" The duodenum, after making the usual fold, ascends on the right 

 of the stomach ; the intestine is then disposed in three or four coils 

 upon a central mesentery, and then is strung on the edge of the me- 

 sentery in long and deep folds, from the last of which the ileum passes 

 upwards behind the stomach, and then descends to join the rectum. 

 At the point of junction were placed the c<eca, each 1-f inch in 

 length. The rectum is very short, and opens obliquely into a large 

 urinary receptacle ; as large, proportionately, as in the Ostrich. 

 Before commencing the dissection, a quantity of very fluid urine, of 

 a whitish colour and containing whitish flakes, escaped on pressure 

 being made upon the sides of the cloaca. 



" The liver is bilobed, the right lobe much larger than the left, in 

 which the edges were rounded off. There is a gall-bladder, which 

 contained bile of a yellow colour, not green as in Birds generally. 

 The cystic, biliary, and hepatic ducts terminated in the end of the 

 duodenum, close to which opened the duct of the pancreas. The lat- 

 ter gland was of a less elongated form than usual, being of a rounded 

 figure, and not descending far into the fold of the duodenum. The 

 spleen was placed behind the stomach, in length 1 inch, in breadth 

 half an inch. 



" The kidneys were of large size, being 4 inches long, 2 deep, and 

 1-i- wide, and, which is very unusual in Birds, the right kidney was half 

 an inch higher than the left. Many of the small superficial branches 

 of the ramified ureter which characterizes the kidneys of the ovipa- 

 rous animals were beautifully conspicuous from their white opake 

 contents. The supra-renal glands were of alight yellow colour, and 

 of a rough or granular pulpy texture ; the right adhered closely to 

 the vena cava, the left as closely to the ovary, which seemed to be 

 developed partly from the gland and partly from the coats of the left 

 femoral vein. Tlie largest ova were nearly of the size of peppercorns 

 and about twenty in number : there were innumerable smaller ones. 

 The oviduct was narrow at its commencement, but gradually attained 

 a diameter of about 4 lines ; it passed along the anterior part of the 

 left kidney, adhering thereto by its peritoneal ligament. 



" As the Pelican belongs to that group of Natatores, the Toti- 

 palmes of Cuvier, which contains species approximating most closely 



