138 



and not quite one fourth of the length of the trunk in the Patago- 

 7iian Penguin. The sacro-sciatic notch is a com^\eie foramen. The 

 pubic bones are long and feeble ; they are turned forwards and 

 tipped with cartilage. The cotyloid cavity is a perfect yora mew, 

 with a large process at its postero-inferior part tipped with carti- 

 lage, and articulated with the trochanter major. The thyroid fora- 

 vien is not complete, except by the intervention of a ligament which 

 separates it from the obturator Jbr amen. As there is no iliacus in- 

 ternus, the superior part of the os ilium extends upwards, and lies 

 close to the ribs. 



'•' The OS femoris is formed as usual, the head being flattened an- 

 teriorly, the neck short and thick, the trochanter major smooth on 

 its superior posterior surface, and articulated with the process on 

 the ilium. Besides the posterior there is also an anterior linea 

 aspera. There is a process external to the external condyle, having 

 its inferior surface tipped with cartilage, which acts as a pulley. 

 On its infero-external surface there is a sharp edge. The condyles 

 are not much everted. 



•' The shape o( the patella is peculiar. There are two articulating 

 surfaces posteriorly : one which would form part of a large crescent, 

 and which has a prominence for the condyles of the femur in its 

 centre ; the other, inferior, is likewise crescentic ; it is very narrow, 

 and articulated by ligaments to the tubercle of the tibia. 



" The superior surface of \!i\& femur has a crista in its centre, of 

 an ovoid form : the posterior edge truncated. The internal surface 

 is perfectly flat : the oblique slightly marked with a ridge, and looks 

 downwards. There is a groove on the centre of the anterior edge 

 which also passes obliquely downwards on the external side : these 

 two sides are truncated at their junction. 



" The tibia is nearly twice the length of the/e»7«r : the tubercle is 

 elevated above its head, and forms a broad short conical truncated 

 process. On the anterior part of the head there is a large groove, 

 deepest at the top, and passing obliquely downwards and inwards : 

 the outer side is here smooth for articulation with the fbula. It 

 has inferiorly two condyles, articulated with the metatarsus, having 

 a foramen above and between them for the transmission of tendon, 

 &c. 



" The fbula is in the form of a lengthened cone, and is attached 

 to the outer surface of the tibia : for about two thirds of its length it 

 is anchylosed to that bone inferiorly. It has the usual quantity of 

 surfaces for the attachment of muscles. 



" There is no tarsus. 



" The metatarsus has two articular depressions on its posterior 

 surface for the reception of the condyles of the tibia. It represents 

 three pullies for articulation with the phalanges. On the inner part 

 of the superior face is situated the metatarsal bone of the first toe, 

 connected by ligaments to the large bone. There is afossa on the 

 superior surface, between the first and second, and second and third 



