34 



surface, and when transferred to deep earth some died, 

 apparently exhausted and unable to burrow again. The 

 pupae were dug up on Nov. i8th, when 141 were found to be 

 alive. No pupae were less than six inches below the surface, 

 many more than eighteen inches down. The earth was 

 ordinary garden leaf mould, and was placed in two-feet 

 chimney-pots. The first emergence took place on Decem- 

 ber 26th, and altogether about no moths came out, the 

 sexes being in about equal proportion." 



Of the specimens exhibited, one male was whitish without 

 the central band, having the transverse lines and apical 

 streak dark grey, and hind wings also of the whitish colour. 

 Another was uniformly smoky black. Between these two 

 extremes there was a complete series of intermediate varia- 

 tion. The females also ranged from black to brown. 



Mr. Edwards exhibited a pair of Dynastor napoleon, from 

 Rio de Janeiro, and a female of Caligo martia, also from 

 Brazil. 



Mr. Sauze said that recently he had observed a number of 

 specimens of turbot {Rhombns inaxiinus) with both sides of a 

 uniformly dark colour, and also several specimens of the 

 garpike (Belone vulgaris), which hunts the mackerel. Both 

 Mr. Winkley and Mr. C. A. Briggs stated that they had 

 observed the variation referred to in most flat fish. 



A discussion then ensued as to the present season, Messrs. 

 Auld, Barrett, Tutt, and others taking part. It was gene- 

 rally considered that the present spring appearances were 

 some three weeks later than last year. 



APRIL 2Sth, 1895. 

 T. W. Hall, Esq., F.E.S., President, in the Chair. 



Mr. Ashdown, of Leatherhead, was elected a member. 



Mr. Frohawk exhibited a specimen of Papilio machaon, L., 

 having ochreous yellow blotches at the anal angle of the 

 hind wings instead of the usual deep red ; the blue markings 

 also were very pale, almost white. It was bred from Wicken 

 pupae. 



Mr. Mansbridge exhibited three melanic specimens of 

 Phigalia pedaria, Fb. (one female and two males) from the 

 neighbourhood of Barnsley, Yorks, and remarked that this 

 black form was gradually extending its area in Yorkshire, 

 but is most numerous in the West Riding. A few years ago 

 it was scarcely known, while during the present year Mr. 

 Hewett, of York, had himself taken thirty examples of the 



