28 



one and the same species could only be decided by breeding. 

 Messrs. Adkin and Henderson had received specimens from 

 Hythe and Berks respectively to all appearance similar to 

 the specimen exhibited, and which they considered only 

 varieties of A', gilvago. 



Mr. Robert Adkin again exhibited a variety of Vanessa 

 nrticcE, L., from Sutherland, together with three examples 

 bred during last autumn by Mr. Bonaparte Wyse, of Lon- 

 donderry, Ireland, in which the central costal and inner 

 marginal black blotches were similarly connected by a more 

 or less distinct black band. He said that it was interesting 

 to find that in a species not generally liable to great variation 

 in its pattern, similarly marked varieties were appearing in 

 two distinct localities in the British Isles at one time, and 

 that it was still more so to find that this form closely re- 

 sembled the prevailing Japanese form, which had been 

 named by Butler Vanessa connexa, evidently under the erro- 

 neous impression that it was a distinct species. 



Mr. Adkin also exhibited examples of Zygcena filipendnla:, 

 L., taken last summer on Mount Suliven, in Sutherland, at 

 an elevation of about 2000 feet above sea level, in a position 

 where it was open to conjecture what could possibly have 

 supplied the larvae with a suitable pabulum ; and pointed out 

 that there was no material difference between these examples 

 and those which had been reared under more favourable 

 circumstances on the Kent and Sussex Downs, their size 

 even agreeing with many of those from the last-named 

 localities. 



Mr. Tutt suggested that the variation in V. iirtica was 

 simply due to a failure in the development of pigment, and 

 stated that Mr. Coverdale had washed out the pigment from 

 the scales of certain Vanessas by some acid, and found the 

 scales themselves consisted of black structure. Mr. Hall 

 had captured similar specimens, and several members con- 

 sidered that hard fare and semi-starvation had diminished 

 the amount of matter available for the development of the 

 ordinary pigment granules. 



Mr. H. W. Williams exhibited specimens of Anthocharis 

 cardamines, L., together with specimens of the so-called A. 

 alherti, Hoffm., and contributed the following note : — 



" In the ' Entomological Record' for February of this year 

 (vol. vi., p. 31) is a note, extracted from ' Das Naturalien 

 Cabinet ' for September, 1894, respecting a supposed new 

 species oi AntlwcJiaris, which M. Ernest Albert, by breeding, 

 has come to the conclusion is a form of A. cardamines^ L., 



