8^ 



wings must be an extreme development of the largest form described 

 above. 



One very distinct aberrational form deserves a name. This is 

 that in which the fulvous band is distinctly orange. It is decidedly 

 rare in British localities ; Dr. Chapman suggests about one in a 

 hundred in Argyleshire, but it is more abundant on the Continent. For 

 this form I have recently proposed the aberrational ndiXntJlavescens. 



Colias edusa, 1895. 



By E. M. Montgomery. Read December i2fh, 1895. 



This species was common in the neighbourhood of Eastbourne 

 during the second and third weeks of August, and probably earlier ; 

 but almost entirely disappeared after the heavy thunderstorms about 

 the end of that month. It was most abundant on the hill sides 

 facing the sea, between the town of Eastbourne and Beachy Head. 

 In all twenty-three males and nineteen females, including one var. 

 helice, were taken. 



Three dilapidated females were secured over some living plants 

 of Dutch clover, and deposited ova first on August 14th, and 

 some number on the few succeeding days, amounting in all to 

 between 170 and 180. The ova with few exceptions were deposited 

 on the clover leaves, always on the upper surface, often several on 

 one leaf, although many leaves were left quite untenanted. 



The larvae began to emerge on August 19th, five days after the 

 ova were deposited. The young larva rests along the mid-rib of 

 the leaflet on the upper side, and is thus, like the ovum, sheltered at 

 night by the closing up of the clover leaf. The most forward larvae 

 completed their first moult August 25th, second moult August 28th, 

 third moult September rst, and fourth and final moult September 6th. 

 Some larvas were of course a long way behind these dates. The 

 full-grown larva is smooth and velvety, exactly resembling the clover 

 leaf in tint, the head being slightly paler. The body is thickest 

 at about the third or fourth segment, and tapers from that point in 

 both directions ; very slightly towards the head, and more decidedly 

 towards the tail. A yellow stripe runs along the spiracles, fading to 

 white at the junctions of the segments, and deepening to orange just 

 above each spiracle. The spiracles are white, and generally, but not 

 always, surrounded by a thick black ring. About thirty larvse 

 became discoloured and died, most of these being among the most 

 backward. The period of greatest mortality seems to be just after 

 the final moult, when by far the greater part of these thirty died. 



The first larva fixed up for pupation on the evening of the loth 

 September, twenty-four days after emergence from ovum, and 

 pupated on the forenoon of the 12th. The time between the fixing 

 up and the change varies according to temperature. The skin splits 

 just behind the head on the back, after a succession of writhing 



