26 



would bring volumes of smoke with it, var. fuscata occurred 

 in comparative abundance. During the day the ordinary 

 pale form could be disturbed, but at night the dark forms 

 were readily captured by the light of a lantern. It was a 

 gravelly soil, and not at all boggy. He had also bred most 

 of the forms shown from ova. Mr. Mansbridge said smoke 

 could have no effect around York, as there were no factories 

 for many miles ; but no doubt in the West Riding it 

 was a large factor in producing melanism. Mr. Tunaley 

 instanced Gnophos obsciirata as having melanic forms ; but 

 it was quite impossible that these could have resulted from 

 the effect of smoky surroundings. In Somerset nearly 

 black forms occurred resting on the partly embedded 

 boulders, which exposure and moisture had darkened ; the 

 moths were to be disturbed by sweeping. At Freshwater 

 he had obtained no dark forms ; there the ground was 

 scattered over with small stones, and the vegetation was 

 exceedingly dwarf. Mr. Adkin said that he thought G. 

 obsciirata assimilated with the colour of the soil : at Lewes 

 it was almost white ; among heather in the New Forest it 

 was nearly black, and in some districts brown. Mr. Barrett 

 said that the South Wales form was unicolorous slate-grey 

 devoid of the usual dusting. 



Mr. Robert Adkin exhibited unusually strongly-marked 

 forms of Hyhernia defoliaria, from Abbot's Wood, Sussex. 



Mr. Mera exhibited several specimens of Agriopis aprilina, 

 from Elgin and Kent. The bands of the northern forms were 

 very complete, but narrower than the more diffuse band in 

 the southern form. 



Mr. Edwards exhibited sundry forms of both sexes of 

 Papilio cenea, namely: — Form i, P. cenea; Form 2,P.hippocoon; 

 and Form 3, P. trophonius, with intermediates; dA^o Amauris 

 echeria, A. dominicanus, and Danais chrysippus, which are 

 mimicked respectively by the three forms of the Papilio, all 

 from S. Africa, Papilio mcriones, male, from Madagascar ; 

 P. merope, male and its female var. niavitis, with Amauris 

 niavius, which it mimics, from W. Africa ; and specimens of 

 Diadema misippus and D. anthedon, which mimic Danais 

 chrysippus and D. dominicanus respectively. 



Mr. Turner read a paper on the above exhibit entitled 

 " Mimicry as Exemplified by the South African Butterfly 

 Papilio cenea, and its Varieties and Allied Species." 



