A 
46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. | 
this sort appears on the mature larva, which is represented by Boisduval 
and Le Conte as quite smooth, but which is probably uniformly clothed 
with very short hairs. 
In the genus Æ/pparchia, the young larva is born with a head of equal 
height and breadth, furnished with prominent lateral and frontal warts. 
The body has four pairs of longitudinal rows of tubercles definitely dis- 
posed, each tubercle bearing a short, straight, delicately clubbed bristle. 
The head of the mature larva, on the other hand, bears no lateral or 
frontal warts, but either half is prolonged upwards into a conical hor as 
long as the head itself; while the body is furnished only with microscopic 
hairs, irregularly distributed. In both this and Sa¢yrus the bifurcation of 
the last segment of the mature larva, long known as a characteristic of the 
sub-family of Satyrine, is scarcely perceptible in the embryonic caterpillar, 
being indicated in Satyrus only by slight tubercles. , 
In Limenitis, the head of the young larva is smooth and Share and 
the body uniform in size throughout, studded with numerous equal, 
stellate, regularly disposed warts. In the mature larva the head is covered 
with numerous conical warts, and surmounted by a pair of very large 
compound spinous tubercles. The body is by no means uniform, the se- 
cond and third thoracic and eighth abdominal segments being “hunched” 
and tumid, while the first thoracic segment is much smaller than any of 
the others ; the warts have changed to very variable tubercles—on the 
second thoracic segment into a long, club-like, spinous appendage—and 
are mounted on mammulæ of different sizes ; the whole, aided by the 
strange coloration of the animal, presenting a most grotesque appearance. 
In the young larva of Grapfa, the head is smooth, and the body fur- 
nished with three pairs of rows of minute warts, each emitting a long 
tapering hair. In the mature larva, the head is crowned by a pair of long, 
stout, aculiferous spines ; and the body bears seven longitudinal rows of 
mammiform elevations, each surmounted by a compound spine. That 
these spines are not simply the out-growth of the hairs of the immature 
caterpillar is evident from the fact that there is a median dorsal row which 
is entirely wanting at birth, and that the position of the other spines, 
relatively to the sides of the segments upon which they occur, is quite 
different from that of the hairs in the young animal. 
The same statement, with generic modifications, may be made ot 
Vanessa and Pyrameis. 
In the genus Azgynnis—or, rather, in that section which has been 
rightly separated from it under the name of Brenfhis—the head of the 
