49 . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 
this variety, which does not occur at all in Europe, Mr. Scudder has given 
Fig. 9. the name of Vovangliae, trom the first 
» observed specimens having been found 
in the New England States. Dr. Fitch 
gives it as his opinion that this colour 
is produced by seclusion from light 
(13th Report, p. 559), but we should 
think it much more probably caused 
dl at by peculiarity of food. Mr. Caulfield, 
of Monte (C. E., iv., p. 203,) is stated indeed to have found the ‘yellow 
colour displayed She the larvae had been fed upon mignonette. We 
must await fuller observations, however, before we can feel justified in 
adopting any particular theory upon the subject. 
The larva (Fig. 10, a) of this Butterfly is, when full grown, of a pale 
green colour, finely dotted with black, with a yellowish dorsal stripe, and 
a series of small yellow spots forming a stripe along each side ; its length 
is about an inch and a quarter. It feeds, like P. oleracea, upon various 
species of cruciferous plants, especially upon the cabbage, to which it is 
most destructive. In this case it bores down, when feeding, into the very 
heart of the plant and thus renders the vegetable quite unfit for food. It 
forms its chrysalis (Fig. 10, 4) in the same kinds of situations and in a 
similar manner to the preceding species. In this state it remains, in 
summer, for from a week to a fortnight, but in the autumn it continues as 
a pupa until the following spring. There are at least two, AE 
perhaps three, broods in the year. 
l'he ravages of this insect in Northern America ate 
beginning to be somewhat checked by a parasite 
(Preromalus puparum, Linn.); it belongs to the ichneu- 
mon family, and is a four-winged fly, about one-eighth 
of an inch long, with a golden-hued body and a bright 
green head. 
The remaining species of Pieris found in Canada— 
the Southern Cabbage Butterfly (Pieris protodice, Boisd.) 
—is quite a rarity with us, though oftentimes very 
abundant in the western and more southern States. Last August we found 
it to be the commonest butterfly about Chicago and through the States of 
Illinois and Iowa. Like the other two species, it is white with black 
markings ; the accompanying illustrations so well represent the butterfly 
