THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 93: 
summer brood except that they are a very little larger. The flies of C. g. 
futilis, O. S., are of both sexes, but among the considerable number found 
ovipositing in the buds of the White Oak, and which, I have no doubt, 
produce the galls of C. g. fufilis, there are no males and the females are 
considerably larger than the summer brood. 
And again, in my last discovery the flies are all females, but larger than 
the females of C. 29. operator, though they have the structural peculi- 
arities of that species. 
From all the above facts I infer that all our species that are found only 
in the female sex are represented in another generation by both sexes, and 
that the two broods are, owing to seasonal differences, produced from galls 
that are entirely distinct from each other. I shall not be surprised if it 
shall yet be found that all our species of Cynips proper are double 
brooded, but the allied genera Diastrophus and Rhodites probably produce 
but one brood each year. 
Mr. Walsh’s successful attempts at colonizing C. g. spongifica, O. S., do 
not prove that the galls he raised were the z#mmediate product of the flies. 
he colonized ; another generation may have intervened from which his. 
galls were descended. 1 have in mind two species of Cynips that mature 
from the egg in less than thirty days. They are our earliest vernal 
species and are not yet described. 
In an article published ten years ago in the Proc. of Ent. Soc. of 
Phila., describing several new species of Cynips, I ventured to remark 
that probably some of the species whose galls are formed on the leaves 
deposit their eggs in the embryo leaves, the leaf buds of the following 
year being formed at the time these insects appear. 
This seems to be true only in part. It is at another time and by 
another brood that the eggs are so deposited. 
In the same article I gave it as my opinion that the woolly galls of C. 
g. operator, O.S. and C. g. seminator, Harris were the abnormal develope- 
ment of the embryo leaves, and that the wool was an enormous growth of 
the pubescence of the leaf. To this view the late Mr. B. D. Walsh 
objected, either in a published article or in a letter to myself, saying the 
galls were not connected with the leaf buds. 
Last spring I was so fortunate as to find two galls of C. g. seminator in 
the earliest stage of growth; so young that I did not recognize their true 
character, being simply large buds just beginning to open, but exhibiting 
