TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 101 
in Péerodactylus Sedgwickii, is 2 inches 9 lines, but in Pterodactylus Cuvieri it is 3 
inches 6 lines; the depth of the jaw, above the third socket, in Per. Sedgwickii is 
14 lines, in Péter. Cuvieri it is 8 lines; whilst the breadth of the palate between 
the third pair of sockets is only one line less in Pfer. Cuvieri than in Pter. Sedgwickit. 
It needs only to compare the fore-part of the jaw of the great Chalk Pterodactyle with 
the same part of the still larger species from the Greensand, to be convinced of their 
specific distinction. 
The difference is still more marked between Pterodactylus Sedgwickii and the 
Pterodactylus compressirostris, Ow., from the Chalk. The rapid increase of depth as 
the jaw extends backward, in Pter. giganteus, Bk., shows that that comparatively 
small species cannot be the young of the present truly gigantic Pterodactyle of the 
Upper Greensand. The author, therefore, has founded, on the above-described fossil, 
a new species, at present the largest known in the order of Flying Saurians, which 
he proposes to dedicate to the Woodwardian Professor of Geology in the University 
of Cambridge, who for forty years has discharged the duties of that office with 
exemplary zeal and a rare eloquence, has almost created the Museum still called 
Woodwardian, and, during the same period, has enriched geological science by origi- 
nal researches which have thrown light on its most obscure and difficult problems. 
Preropacty tus Firron1, Owen.—This species is also founded on the fore-part 
of the upper jaw of a Pterodactyle, with the first and second pairs of alveoli. In the 
minor depth of the jaw compared with its basal breadth, in its more obtusely rounded 
upper surface, and in the greater extent of space between the alveoli of the same size, 
this maxillary fragment indicates a very distinct species from the Pterodactylus Sedg- 
wickii, but one probably not much inferior in size. The author dedicates it to his 
friend Dr. Fitton, F.R.S., one of the Founders of the Geological Society of London, 
and who may be regarded as the discoverer of the system now called ‘ Neocomian,’ 
which includes the Greensand matrix of the Flying Reptiles under consideration. 
The sockets in the present fragment may answer to the second and third in the 
foregoing, though there scarcely seems room for a pair in advance of the foremost in 
the present specimen; be that as it may, the distance between the first and second 
socket in the specimen of Pterodactylus Fittoni is, relatively to the size of the socket, 
greater than the interval between the second and third sockets in Pterodactylus Sedg- 
wickii, and much greater than that between the second and third sockets. The outer 
wall of the largest anterior socket in Péter. Fittoni is much less prominent than in Pter. 
Sedgwickii, and the lateral expansion of the fore-part of the upper jaw must have 
been relatively less: the form of the bony palate is different, there being a distinct 
though shallow longitudinal groove on each side a low obtuse median ridge. The 
diastema between the second and third tooth is shown to exceed the long diameter 
of the second socket, recalling the proportion of the interspaces in Pterodactylus 
Cuvieri ; but the jaw is broader in proportion to its height in Pterodactylus Fittoni. 
PTERODACTYLUS, sp. inc.—This is represented by a portion of an upper jaw 
including a part of two sockets, in one of which the root of the tooth remains. 
The outer wall of the jaw is nearly flat, very slightly convex below, and as slightly 
concave above, vertically ; the upper margin showing no indication of any bend or 
inclination to the upper border of the jaw, the height or vertical diameter of which 
remains conjectural: that it was, at least, one-third more than the portion preserved, 
may be estimated from the extent of the socket of the tooth being equal with the 
preserved part of the wall. A coat of roughish cement, one-third of a line thick, is 
preserved upon the upper half of the tooth-root; below this is seen the smooth 
dentine ; and, where it is broken, the pulp-cavity is exposed, filled by the greensand 
matrix. The length of the implanted part of this tooth is 1 inch 4 lines; the long 
diameter of the transverse fracture at the base of the crown is 3 an inch, the short 
diameter is 4} lines. Estimating the length of the exserted enamelled crown to equal 
that of the inserted cemented base of the tooth of a Pterodactyle,—and it is sometimes 
greater in the long anterior laniariform teeth,—we may assign a length of 2 inches 8 
lines to the teeth implanted in the part of the upper jaw here described. The interspace 
between the two sockets is 34 lines, or half that of the long diameter of the socket : 
the plane of the opening of the socket, and the interspace, present the same obliquity 
as they do in Pterodactylus Sedgwickii; and, as the proportion of the interspace to 
the socket is also the same, the present fragment has most probably belonged to a 
