102 REPORT—1858. 
larger individual of the same species. Since the outer border of the sockets does not 
swell out beyond the outer wall of the jaw, the fragment has been part of the jaw 
situated behind the anterior swelling caused by the proportionally large prehensile 
teeth; and as, from the analogy of known Pterodactyles, the teeth succeeding those 
anterior ones are not of larger size, but are usually smaller, at any posterior part of the 
jaw, we may therefore, with due moderation, frame an idea of the Pterodactyle to 
which the present maxillary fragment belonged, as surpassing in size that to which the 
portion of the jaw of Pter. Sedgwickii belonged, in the proportion in which the socket 
in the present exceeds the last socket in that fragment. Such an idea impels to a 
close scrutiny of every character or indication of the true generic relation of the pre- 
sent fragment in the reptilian class: but the evidence of the large and obviously pneu- 
matic vacuities, now filled by the matrix, and the demonstrable thin layer of compact 
bone forming their outer wall, permit no reasonable doubt as to the pterosaurian 
nature of this most remarkable and suggestive fossil. 
All other parts of the flying reptile being in proportion, it must have appeared, 
with outstretched pinions, like the soaring Roc of Arabian romance, but with the 
demoniacal features of the leathern wings with crooked claws, and of the gaping 
mouth with threatening teeth, superinduced. 
Leeth of the large Pterodactyle.—Various teeth, but few quite entire, have been 
rescued by the care and perseverance of Mr. Lucas Barrett, from the rubbish of frag- 
mentary fossils accumulated during the diggings for phosphatic nodules in the 
Greensand deposits near Cambridge. Guided by the proportions of length to breadth, 
by the elliptic section, and the concordance of the minute markings on the crown 
and base with those on the portions of teeth remaining in the above-described jaws 
of Pterodactylus, many of the above-detached teeth can be satisfactorily referred to 
that genus. ; 
The base or implanted part of one of the largest of these teeth has belonged to a 
Pterodactyle as large as that represented by the fragment of jaw last described ; it 
presents the same elliptical transverse section as the implanted base of the tooth in 
that fragment, shows a widely excavated pulp-cavity at the base, and gradually tapers 
to the crown: the cement, about 4rd of a line in thickness, is roughened by longi- 
tudinal grooves, not continuous for any great length, but uniting, or bifurcating, in an 
irregular reticulate pattern, forming long and very narrow meshes, the raised inter- 
spaces being equal in breadth to the grooves. In a few teeth the base shows an 
oblique depression, evidently due to the pressure of a successional tooth; in these 
the basal pulp-cavity is more or less filled up by ossification of the pulp. The 
enamel of the crown seems smooth and polished; and, under the lens, shows only 
extremely delicate, slightly and irregularly wavy, longitudinal, but often interrupted 
or confluent ridges. 
Portions of the scapular arch, the humerus, antibrachial and carpal bones were 
next described. The distal end of the metacarpal of the fifth or winged finger is 
trochlear ; but the pulley is more complex than in other animals with similar joints, 
there being three convex ridges traversing the articular surface from behind forward, 
and describing more than half a circle; the middle ridge less produced than the 
lateral ones which form the sides of the pulley. The direction of the ridges is rather 
oblique. The outer ridge is rather more produced and of a less regular curve than 
the inner ridge. The outer ridge begins by arising at the middle of the fore-part of 
the distal end of the shaft, which bends obliquely outward and meets the outer angle 
of that part of the shaft where the outer trochlear ridge begins to be prominent; this 
ridge then extends with a feeble convex curve to the back part of the trochlea, where 
the convexity of the curve increases, and it terminates by projecting a little beyond 
the level of the outer almost flattened side of the trochlea. The articular surface, as 
it extends from the margin of this element of the trochlea inward, is first gently 
convex, then sinks to a concave channel by the side of the low median convexity. 
The inner ridge begins from the inner side of the fore-part of the bone, and describes 
a pretty regular semicircular curve as it extends backward and a little outward, to 
terminate near the middle of the back part of the distal end of the shaft ; thus, owing 
their obliquity to a termination of the inner ridge near the middle of the back part, 
and to the beginning of the outer ridge near the middle of the fore part, of the meta- 
earpal bone, these principal ridges of the trochlear joint recede from each other at, 
