82 



spective synonyms, under the name long since applied by Willoughby 

 to designate the species ; although by him employed especially in 

 reference to the second state or variety abovementioned, which also 

 was the variety originally described by Rondeletius. 



Pompilus Bennettii. 



Leirus Bennettii, nob. in Cam. Trans. VI. 1, 199, ^ V, — Syn. 

 Mad. Fish, p. 179. 



Centrolophus'ovulis, Cuv. and Val. IX. 346. 



crassus. lb. 348. 



The genus Leirus proves identical with Centrolophus, Lac, which 

 in its turn, if not intolerable in itself (see Cuv. and Val. IX. 33].), 

 must yield precedence to the prior claims of Pompilus, Rond. The 

 species described by the Ichthyologist of Montpellier, {Centrolophus 

 pompilus, Auct.) ought, on the other hand, as long ago b5rWilloughby, 

 to be called Pompilus Rondeletii. 



Brama Rait, Bl. " Freira."— Syn. Mad. Fish, p. 179. 



The true affinities of this fish are most assuredly Scombridal, or 

 to speak more strictly, Coryphaenidal. 



It was in reconsidering those of Brama, and in reaching this con- 

 clusion, that I was first led to detect the true affinities and synonyms 

 of Leirus. It was not till convinced of the necessity of placing 

 Brama next to Pompilus (Centrolophus, Lac), that I discovered Xeiras 

 Bennettii to be a genuine species of this last-named genus. 



So valuable are these studies of affinities; and thus do even errors 

 often lead to valuable truth. I was not wrong, however, in asso- 

 ciating Leirus Bennettii with Brama ; but in not referring sooner it, 

 or rather both, to the neighbourhood of Pompilus. 



Fam. Zenid^. 

 Zeus Faber. 



Fam. MuGiLiD.s. 



MuGiL MADERENSis. " Tuinka de moda." 



This is the fish published, in the former part of this list, under the 

 name and with the sj'nonyms of M. Chelo, Cuv. Comparing it, how- 

 ever, more closely with the description of M. Chelo in the eleventh 

 volume of MM. Cuvierand V^alenciennes" Histoire, I find the follow- 

 ing principal discrepancies in the Maderan fish : 



1. The produced scaly appendages at the base of the first dorsal 

 fin extend considerably beyond the base of the fourth spine. 



2. The maxillary is but very slightly S-like. 



3. The upper lip is by no means peculiarly thick and fleshy, but 

 rather the contrary. 



4. It is a shallower, less deep fish in proportion to its length. 



5. The tongue is altogether smooth, without any " asperit^s" 

 whatever, at the edges or anterior end of the " arete," which cannot 

 be called " trfes-aigue." 



6. The palate also is entirely smooth, not papillose near the vomer. 



7. A conspicuous bright metallic brassy spot on the opercula, as 

 in M. auratus, Cuv. and Val. 



It differs, however, essentially from this last-named species, and 



