120 



Oriolus gulbula, Linn. F. September 2. Rather rare. Found 

 in willow-trees. Arrives early in August and departs middle of Sep- 

 tember. 



*Cinclus aquaticus, Bechst. F. December 9. Very few seen. 

 Frequenting a mountain stream. Shy : flies rather high : food, small 

 Crustacea, Eyes light hazel. Two small oval appendages, one on 

 each side of the rectum ; hollow, and communicating with its cavity. 

 The down on the breast very thick. 



Motacilla alba, Linn. Not uncommon. Arrives end of September 

 and departs end of October. Migratory. 



Budi/ten melanocephala, Savi. M. June 7. Very common on moist 

 ground : food, insects. Arrives middle of April and leaves early in 

 November. 



Phcenicura niticilla. Swains. M. April 29. A straggler : found 

 in a garden in Erzeroom. 



*Saa:icola (Enanthe, Bechst. Eyes hazel. Frequents rills ; also 

 found on adjacent hills. 



Saxicola (Enanthe, Bechst. M. May 27. Common all over the 

 neighbourhood. Food, coleopterous insects and caterpillars. 



Saxicola rubetra, Bechst. A few seen in April. 



*Erythaca inibecula. Swains. (In spirit.) Found in a stony ravine 

 in November ; the only one yet noticed. 



Sylvia hippolais, Penn. August 15. A few seen on high thistles, 

 in moist situations, from the commencement of April to the middle 

 of October. Migratory. 



Salicaria Cetti ? Gould. October 28. Caught in a stable after 

 the first falls of snow. Neither this bird nor several others of the 

 same family procured at the time had any tails. 



Anthus arboreus, Bechst. 



Anthus riifescens, Temm. F. June 2. Found on the adjacent 

 hills. Gizzard filled with coleopterous insects. 



Alauda Calandra, Pall. Rather numerous : frequents fields. Ar- 

 rives end of October and departs late in September. Migratory. 



Alauda arvensis, Linn. Very common in summer. 



* Alauda ? Not very common. Food, the grain found 



among horses' dung. This variety differs from the preceding spe- 

 cies in the construction of the bill. It is only found in winter, and 

 occurs in flocks, in company with the Horned Lark (Alauda peni- 

 cillata). 



Alauda brachydacttjla, Ttivam. Seen in large flocks. Only noticed 

 from 21st of April to 28tli of May. Frequents fields and the hills. 

 The cock is of a brighter colour than the hen, and has its ears and 

 the spot on the breast much darker. 



Alauda penicillata, Gouldf. Numerous: food, seeds. The speci- 

 mens sent are not so bright as the living bird, probably from the ef- 

 fect«- of the arsenical soap. The males differ from the females in 

 bemg of a brighter colour, and in having the black feathers on the 

 top of the head much more distinctly m.arked. The yellow gorget 



t Proceedings Zcol. Soc. 18.S7, p. 126. 



