G. W. Tyrrell — The Books of South Georgia. 59 



Along the north-eastern coast of South Georgia there has heen in 

 places considerable crumpling and contortion of the rocks, principally 

 of the middle division of the Cumberland Bay Series. King Edward's 

 Cove, Cumberland Bay, Leith Harbour, Stromuess Bay, and Possession 

 Bay afford good evidence of the folding and crumpling of the rocks. 

 The direction of thrust is from the north-east. 



Professor J". W. Gregory has kindly examined the fossils brought 

 home by the writer from South Georgia, and Mr. G. W. Tyrrell has 

 kindly undertaken the description of the rocks. The fossils were 

 all found, with one exception, on the beach where Leith Harbour 

 turns round into Nansen Harbour. The one solitary exception was 

 found on the beach at King Edward's Point, Cumberland Bay, and 

 was apparently a fucoid, similar to those found at Leith Harbour. 

 The whole of the fossils were obtained from the lower division of 

 the Cumberland Bay Series. That specimens may be found in the 

 same division in other parts of the island is highly probable. Leith 

 Harbour was well searched because it was near the writer's head- 

 quarters and easily accessible. 



The finding of an undoubted fossil in the middle division of the 

 Cumberland Bay Series in Prince Olafs Harbour (Port Gladstone), 

 Possession Bay, by the German Antarctic Expedition, is very 

 important, and will no doubt be described by Dr. Heim at an early 

 date. The writer was privileged to see the specimen, which was 

 very kindly sent over to Glasgow from Heidelberg at the request 

 of Professor Gregory. 



In conclusion, tlie writer would like to put on record the generosity 

 of Messrs. Chr. Salvesen & Co., the well-known shipowners of Leith, 

 and of Mr. Theodore E. Salvesen, the member of the firm who 

 specially directs their extensive whaling industry in South Georgia, 

 South Shetlands, and the Falkland Islands. Messrs. Chr. Salvesen 

 and Co. are the lessees of the minerals and mining rights on all the 

 British islands in the South Atlantic outside the Falkland Islands. 

 They have not, however, confined themselves to their own special 

 interests, but have assisted and encouraged the elucidation of the 

 interesting geological problems presented in that outlying portion of 

 the empire. The rock and fossil specimens brought home from 

 South Georgia have been presented by Messrs. Salvesen to the 

 Geological Department, Glasgow University, and the Scottish Oceano- 

 graphical Laboratory, Edinburgh. 





2. Preliminary Note oy the Kocks of South Georgia. 



By G. W. Tyrrell, A.K.C.S., F.G.S. 



Cumberland Bay Sekiks : Upper Division. — This consists largely 

 of hard, coarse, compacted crystal tuffs, dark-grey or black in hand- 

 specimens, and resembling coarse greywackes. In thin section they 

 contain fragments of trachytic lavas, and detached crystals of 

 orthoclase and oligoclase in a paste of minutely crystalline material 

 mixed with much indeterminate matter. Iron-ores and ferro- 

 magnesian minerals are rare. In some of the rocks andesitic and 



