Reviews — Geological Survey of Portugal. 429 



The general description of the district thus traversed is of ranch 

 interest. The highest ground consists of a rocky granitic plateau 

 with an elevation of 1,500 feet above the sea in North latitude 52°, 

 West longitude 92°, and from here northwards the ground slopes 

 gradually to Trout Lake, which lies near the northern boundary of 

 the broken country. From Trout Lake northward to Hudson Eay 

 tlie slope continues at about the same rate, but the rock soon 

 disappears under glacial and post-glacial deposits, and tlie country is 

 then covered with an even mantle of glacial clay or till, upon which 

 marine sands and clays are often found to rest ; much of the country 

 is flat and occupied by extensive peat bogs. 



The geology is discussed under the heads of the different 

 formations : Archcean, composed of granites, gneisses, and other igneous 

 or highly altered sedimentary rocks ; Palaeozoic, including Ordovician 

 and Silurian limestones and dolomites extending for 60 miles south- 

 wards from Hudson Bay ; and Pleistocene. 



Notes are given on the various exposures and descriptive lists of 

 the Ordovician and Silurian fossils collected. The glaciation is dealt 

 with in some detail, and the different directions of movement of the 

 ice are discussed. 



VI. — Geological Sukvexs. 



(1) POETIIGAL. CoMUNICACOES DA CoMISSAO DO SeEVIW GeOLOGICO DE 



Portugal. Tom. ix, pp. 288, xxiv. Lisbon, 1912-13. 



ri^HIS volume includes three papers on the petrology of Portugal 

 X by Y. Souza-Brandao ; also notes (with a tabular analysis) on 

 the organization of the Geological Surveys of Europe. In addition 

 to the papers in Portuguese there are several interesting com- 

 munications which have been written in French in order to give 

 them the wider circulation which they deserve. 



A paper by P. Pruvost records the discovery of fossils in the schistes 

 a Nereites of San-Domingos. These beds were described by Delgado 

 and were correlated with the NereitemchicJden of Thuringia, which 

 are of Middle Devonian age. The fossils now discovered comprise 

 Brachiopods and Trilobites and include Clymenia Icevigata, a fauna 

 which places the beds in the Famennian stage of the Upper Devonian. 



J. Lambert contributes a description of ten species of echinoids from 

 the Callovian of Cesareda. Both this and the paper mentioned above 

 are illustrated by excellent plates. 



In addition to reports on economic geology, Paul Choffat has pub- 

 lished the ninth of a series of biographies of Portuguese geologists — 

 Baron Wilhelra Ludwig von Eschwege (1777-1855). The paper gives 

 a complete resume of Eschwege's writings and a most interesting 

 account of his efforts to promote the mining industry in Portugal 

 during a most disturbed period of its history. 



The tenth series of the "Geological Bibliography of Portugal and 

 its Colonies (1910-12)" contains notices of 154 publications and gives 

 brief analyses of the more important papers. 



W. C. S. 



