Al.l.KN: noes uy Till, \M| HI, v\ AI{()HI(.I\KS. 44!) 



island hud <l(><;s wlik-h froju their :ij)])aiviii rt-swii bianco to wolves, 

 may hn\i> l)een of tlie Eskimo breed. For Whithourne, in his "Dis- 

 course and Discovery of Newfoundland" (London, 1622) writes that 

 the natives of Newfoundland " are a people that, will seeke to reviMi^e 

 any wrongs done unto them or their Woolves, as hath often appeared. 

 For they mark tlieir Woolves in the eares with several inarkes. as is 

 used herv> in Fnjrland on Sheepe and other beasts, which hath been 

 likewise well approvefl. For the Woolves in these parts are not so 

 violent and devouring as Woolves are in other Countries." The sam<' 

 writer speaks with astonishment of his own mastiff's familiaritv with 

 t}>ese tanml " Woohes" (Mercer, 1897), which it seems reasonable to 

 cbnclude were really Eskimo Dogs. 



Of the Eskimo Dog in Greenland, Brown (1868, 1875) considers the 

 breed to be practically the same as that of Davis Straits and Kamt- 

 schatka. In western or Danish Greenland he found it more or less 

 mixed with (logs of European descent and south of Holsteensborg not 

 used by the Eskimo, as the sea is not sufficiently frozen over in winter 

 for sledging. The same author adds that in 1861, Prof. Otto Torell 

 brought several dogs from Greenland for the use of his expedition in 

 Spitzbergen, where on account of the open water thev were found 

 useless and set free. Within a few years they were 'said to ha\e 

 increased in numbers. 



Plain s-L\DiAX Dog. 



Characters.— Size medium, slightly smaller than the Eskimo Dog- 

 ears large, erect; tail drooping or slightly upcurved; coat rather 

 rough, usually "ochreous tawny" or "whitish tawnv," or sometimes 

 black and gray, mixed with white. 



Distribution.— W'estevn North America from British Columl)ia 

 south perhaps to the IMexican Boundary and east\\-ard through tlie 

 Great Plains Region. 



Notes and Descriptions.— It is apparently to this dog that most of 

 Lord's description (1866, 2, p. 222) applies in his Naturahst in Van- 

 couver Island and British Coliuubia. So impressed was he bv the 

 general similarity of ihese dogs to coyotes, that he beheved the one 

 derived from the other, and makes one general description do for 

 both, with the addition that in the dog the hair "Ijecomes shorter, 

 softer, and more uniform in coloration, although the tail retains its 

 bushy appearance." The general color is an "ochreous grev," the 

 hairs tipped with black, those of the neck tricolored, having thei.' 



