ZONITES. 103 



Con. Icon., Xo. 672 (1852) ? — Deshayks in Fi':u., I. 04, ?1. LXXXII. Fi^. 6. 



— W. G. BiNNEY, Terr. Moll., IV. 106. —Bland. Ann. N. Y. Lye, VII. 



119 (excl. syn. inornata). 

 UelLv hcaihraia, Binney, nee Say, Terr. Moll., II. 225, VI XXXII. 

 Helix fid iginosa, Binney, in Bost. Journ. (pars, excl. descr., syn., ct fig.), 1840. 

 Helix inornata, Keeve, 1. c. QQ(Sy not Say. 

 Hyalina laevigata, Tkyon, Am. Journ. Conch., II. 247 (1866). 

 Zoniks iKvigatns, W. G. Binney, L. & Fr.-W. Sli., I. 287, Fig. 515 (1869). 

 Zonitcs capnodeSf part, "VV. G. Binney, 1. c. Fig. 508. 



Animal : head and cyc-pcduncles dark blue ; body and foot pearly white ; 

 margin of foot furrowed, furrows meeting over posterior termination. Caudal 

 extremity bluish above, with a gland. A distinct locomotive disk. 



I have received specimens from Pennsylvania to Arkansas, 

 from Illinois to St. Augustine, Florida, and Mobile. The spe- 

 cies may therefore be said to inhabit the Interior and South- 

 ern Region. It attains its greatest development in the Cum- 

 Z. Usingatus, var. , , , ^ i • 



berland oubregion. 



A more globose variety is figm-ed. Fig. 24. 



A variety from Columbus, Georgia, and Franklin 

 County, Tennessee, is more depressed. I formerly erro- 

 neously referred this form to Z. capnodes. 



I have given the synonymy of this species in full 

 to show under how many names it has appeared. It * ' " 



seems to have been sent to Ferussac by Rafinesque under the name it bears, 

 though no description of it by the latter author is extant. Ferussac mentions 

 it by name only in his " Tableaux" (1821), with no reference, however, to the 

 figure which afterwards appeared (1832) in the " Histoire." In 1840 Binney 

 evidently refers to it in the " Boston Journal " as a striated variety of fuligi- 

 710SUS, and quotes Ferussac's figure. He also suggests its identity with lucuhratus. 

 In 1848 the first description of the shell was published by Pfeiffer, whom I have 

 given as the authority for the specific name. In continuing Ferussac's great 

 work, Deshayes also describes the shell, as does also Pfeiffer in the second 

 edition of Chemnitz. It was therefore well established and universally known 

 by the name of Icevigatus when the " Terrestrial Mollusks " appeared. The name 

 proposed by Dr. Binney would not, therefore, have precedence over Pfeiffer's, 

 even had it been an entirely new name. Dr. Binney, however, commits the 

 eiTor of applying to this species Say's name of lucubrata, though there is no 

 evidence of Say's ever having seen the species. On the other hand, in Mr. 



Poulson's collection are specimens of Icevigatus labelled by Say " Helix , 



Claiborne, Ala." Tlie label written during the last few years of Say's life 

 shows conclusively his ignorance of the species. 



Pfeift'er, Deshayes, Chemnitz, and Reeve have confounded Z. inornatus with 

 this species, even quoting in some instances Dr. Binney's figure of inornatus in 



