CAULOPHACUS. 47 
The nearest ally to this sponge appears to be Holascella ancorata. From 
this it is distinguished by its superficial hexactines having more slender distal 
rays, by its discohexactines having smoother rays and larger terminal anchor- 
teeth, by the terminal spines of its onychhexactines and hemionychhexasters 
being much longer, and by possessing no floricomes. On account of its general 
similarity to Holascella ancorata I assign it to the genus Holascella. It must, 
however, be borne in mind that the fragmentary condition of the specimen 
precludes the possibility of saying with certainty whether it really belongs to 
this genus, for if the sponge of which it formed part should have been destitute 
of a root-tuft, which is quite possible, it would have to be placed in Corbitella or 
another genus of the Corbitellinae. In this respect it is noteworthy that its 
discohexactines are rather similar to the discohexactines of Corbitella (Eudictyon) 
elegans Marshall.! 
CAULOPHACIDAE F. E. Scuuuze. 
Wineglass- or mushroom-shaped Hexasterophora with a firm stalk; soli- 
tary or forming branched colonies. With dermal pinules and large hypodermal 
pentactines. 
The collection comprises thirty more or less complete specimens and eighty- 
three fragments of specimens of this family. The position of three of the latter 
is doubtful. The others belong to the three genera Caulophacus, Caulophacella, 
and Calycosilva; the last two of these are new. 
CAULOPHACUS F. E. Scuuuze. 
Mushroom-shaped Caulophacidae with hollow stalk, discohexasters, and 
microdiscohexactines. 
There are twenty-eight more or less complete specimens and forty-nine 
fragments and stalks of Caulophacus, all of which belong to the same species. 
1 W. Marshall. Untersuchungen iiber Hexactinelliden. Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. Suppl., 1875, 26, 
p. 211, 212, taf. 16, figs. 66 a-l. J. Tjima. Studies on the Hexactinellida. II. Journ. Coll. sci. 
Tokyo, 1902, 17, p. 11-16, pl. figs. 13-15. 
