HYALONEMA (OONEMA) CRASSIPINULUM. 339 
and third kinds, because in other closely allied species they are not so clearly 
separated biometrically. I distinguish accordingly two main groups of amphi- 
dises: — macramphidises 110-480 » long, and micramphidises 31-106 y» long. 
The macramphidises comprise the first, second, and third kinds of amphi- 
dises. As shown above, the first kind is very clearly distinguished from the 
second and third both morphologically and biometrically. I therefore divide 
the macramphidises into two groups, large macramphidises 375-480 » long, and 
small macramphidises 110-200 u. 
The length frequency-curve of the large macramphidiscs has two distinct 
elevations. However, in view of the morphological similarity of the largest 
and the smallest, and the smallness of the number of large macramphidises 
observed and measured, I do not attach much importance to this, and consider 
the large macramphidiscs as a simple group. 
The length frequency-curve of the small macramphidises has a single 
elevation, and is remarkably regular biometrically. These spicules accord- 
ingly form a remarkably homogeneous group. Morphologically, however, two 
kinds of small macramphidises are to be distinguished: — those with relatively 
smaller, chiefly narrower anchors; and those with relatively larger, chiefly 
broader anchors. 
The micramphidises form morphologically a nearly continuous series, the 
smallest being connected by intermediate forms with the largest with hardly 
any break. Their length frequency-curve, however, shows four elevations 
and three depressions, one of which (at about 47.5 ») is rather conspicuous. 
In view of the slightness of the morphological differences between the micram- 
phidises to which the four elevations of the curve pertain, I abstain from sub- 
dividing them into subgroups corresponding to these elevations. 
Thus I distinguish four kinds of amphidises in this sponge: — large macram- 
phidises, small broad-anchored macramphidises, small narrow-anchored macram- 
phidises, and micramphidiscs. 
The large macramphidiscs (Plate 93, fig. 10) are very rare. In fact I found 
only seven in all, and although some of these were observed in the sections, it 
is not impossible that they are foreign; the probability is, however, greatly 
in favor of their being proper to the sponge. These spicules are 375-480 u 
long, most frequently about 468 u. The shaft is eylindrical, 22-29 » thick, 
smooth, and slightly thickened in or near the centre. The terminal anchors are 
168-215 uw long, about a third of the whole spicule, and 210-260 » broad. The 
proportion of their length to their breadth is 110 to 107-155, on an average 100 : 
