PLATE 12. 
Caulophacella tenuis LenpDENFELD. i 
Figures 1-19. 
1-8.— Distal parts of distal rays of pinules; magnified 600; phot. Zeiss, apochr. 4, compens. oc. 12: 
1, 2, of a large dermal pinule; vd 
1, focussed higher; 2, focussed lower; 
3, 4, of a small gastral pinule with stout distal ray; 
3, focussed higher; 4, focussed lower; 
5, 6, of a small gastral pinule with spirally twisted spines; 
5, focussed higher; 6, focussed lower; 
7, 8, of a small gastral pinule with slender distal ray; 
7, focussed higher; 8, focussed lower. 
9.— Oxyhexaster: magnified 200; phot. Zeiss, apochr. 8, compens. oc. 6. 
10-12.— Parts of end-rays of oxyhexasters; magnified 2000; u. v. phot. Zeiss, q. monochr. 1.7, q. oc. 10: 
10, the tip of an end-ray; 4 
11, 12, central part of an end-ray; 
11, focussed higher; 12, focussed lower. ; 
13.— Surface-view of part of the sponge-lamella, after removal of the soft parts with nitric acid; magni- 
fied 30; phot. Zeiss, planar 20 mm. 
14, 15.— Apical views (the lateral rays) of pinules; magnified 200; phot. Zeiss, apochr. 8, compens. oc. 6: 
14, of a large dermal pinule; 
15, of a small gastral pinule. 
16-18.— Oxyhexasters; magnified 600; phot. Zeiss, apochr. 4, compens. oc. 12. 
19.— Side-view of a large dermal pinule; magnified 200; phot. Zeiss, apochr. 8, compens. oc. 6. 
Lanugonychia flabellum LENDENFELD. 
Figures 20-34. 
20.— Part of an irregular discohexaster with primary and secondary end-rays; magnified 600; phot. 
Zeiss, apochr. 4, compens. oc. 12. 
21.— A main-ray and adjacent parts of a plumicome; magnified 600; phot. Zeiss, H. I. apochr. 2, 
compens. oc. 6. ; 
22, 23.— The main-rays and basal parts of end-rays of plumicomes; magnified 600; phot. Zeiss, apochr. 
4, compens. oe. 12. 
24-34.— Hexactines and hexactine-derivates with fewer than six fully developed rays; magnified 200; 
phot. Zeiss, apochr. 8, compens. oc. 6: 
24, 25, with one fully developed ray; 
26-29, with two fully developed rays; 
30-34, with three to six fully developed rays. 
