TOXOPNEUSTES CHLORACANTHUS. 283 



ing specific limits, Mortensen's restoration of roseus A. Ag. as a valid species 

 may be accepted and a form (chloracanthus) , of which several specimens of very 

 distinctive coloration from Samoa are in the M. C. Z. collection, is here described 

 as new. The most wide-ranging species is pileolus, which extends from Mauritius 

 to New Caledonia and Japan, and perhaps even to the Hawaiian Islands. The 

 little known and apparently rare species maculatus Lam'k. is from Bourbon and 

 Christmas Island, Pacific Ocean, which indicates as wide a range practically, as 

 that of pileolus. The American species roseus seems to be isolated on the west 

 coast of Mexico and Central America, while elegans is known only from Japan. 

 The characters distinguishing these species are as follows : — 



Test not conspicuously marked with a large abactinal blotch and an ambital band of 

 bright violet. 

 Primary spines varied but without any subterminal blackish ring. 



Tubercles more or less pink; spines red at base and for more or less of their 



length pileolus. 



Tubercles green or white; primary spines green at base, white at tip, usually 



indistinctly banded with green and white; small spines white; no red chloracanthus. 

 Test, tubercles and spines more or less unicolor, rosy, purplish, or some shade 



of brown roseus. 



Primary spines with a conspicuous subterminal blackish band elegans. 



Test with a conspicuous abactinal blotch and an ambital band of bright violet (K. & V. 



506) maculatus. 



Toxopneustes chloracanthus/ sp. nov. 

 Plate 93, figs. 6, 7. 



In size, proportions, and tuberculation this species is so much hke pileolus 

 that it would be superfluous to give a detailed account of these features. There 

 are some slight differences in the pedicellariae which may be mentioned thougli 

 their constancy is doubtful. The glohiferous are very abundant and have 

 extraordinarily long valves, 1.20-1.60 mm. (PI. 93, fig. 6) of which the blade is 

 about two thirds. They are mostly colorless, so far as the cleaned calcareous 

 substance is concerned, but many are more or less tinged with yellow-green, 

 while others have the base of the valve bright purple. The ophicephalous 

 pedicellarise are also abundant but vary greatly in size. Tlie valves measure 

 from .20 to 1 mm. in length; they are more or less triangular with the tip rounded 

 or truncate and the blade very much filled with calcareous matter. The tri- 

 dentate appear to be quite rare. They were found only on the actinal side of 



1 ^Xojpos = green + a.Kav6a = spine. 



