LOPHIOMUS CAULINARIS. 79 



Lophiomus caulinaris sp. n. 



? Lophiomus setigerm Gilbert, 1890, Proc. U. S. Mus;., 454 (not = L. setigeriis Walil). 



Br. r. 6 ; D. 3 + 3 4- 8 ; A. 6 ; V. 6 ; P. 17-18 ; C. 8 ; Vert. 18. 



Head and greater portion of the body together forming a depressed sharp- 

 edged subcircular disk, one third as deep as wide and nearly as long as 

 broad ; caudal region moderately broad, tapering regularly from the body : 

 body cavity more than half of the total length, extending about one length 

 of the orbit backward of the disk. Forehead troughlike, concave. Snout 

 broad, short, about half the length from the end of the lower jaw to the 

 nape. Nasal sacs spherical, with the included lamelltB exserted like fleshy 

 bulbs on a peduncle, nearer to the premaxilla than to the eye, widely 

 separated ; nostrils small, anterior near the stem, posterior on the top of 

 the sac. Mouth large, four fifths as wide as the disk, oblique, lower jaws 

 much longer and exposing the lower teeth. Teeth rather small, unequal, 

 depressible on the jaws ; in two series on the premaxilla, outer series of 

 smaller teeth and twice as long as the inner ; those of the lower jaws very 

 unequal, in irregular series, inner teeth larger, largest near the symphysis 

 one fourth as long as the orbit; a single erect tooth at each side of the 

 vomer ; a short series of four to six or more teeth on the forward ends of 

 the palatines. Eye large, prominent, length little more than the distance 

 from the mouth, or little less than the width of the interorbital area. Gills 

 three ; gill openings as large as the eye, transverse, below the pectorals, at 

 the hinder edge of the disk. PseudobranchiaB well developed. Two pyloric 

 appendages. Bones hard and firm. Humeral process strong, with three 

 spines, the anterior one of which is erect, and the posterior two of which 

 diverge at the end of the bone, one pointing outward, the other inward. On 

 the sharp ridge between the humeral spine and the head there is a shorter 

 spine at each side. Of the four short opercular spines two are at the edge 

 of the disk, the posterior directed outward, the anterior forward, the third 

 and fourth are superior, one of them on the edge of the preopercle and the 

 other between it and the hindmost of the four. Two short spines stand be- 

 hind the angle of the mouth ; a pair of strong ones stand outside of each 

 nasal peduncle ; and a single one is seen above the hinder part of each orbit. 

 Besides those mentioned there are half a dozen behind the orbits on the 

 skull ; ventral surflxce spineless. 



