126 DEEP SEA FISHES. 



genus Lycodes has been considerably extended by Collett and LUtken; and 

 Giinther has brought together in the " Challenger " report about all that was 

 known concerning the deep sea members of the group. Since their publica- 

 tions, by means of the different ex^^editions of the "Albatross," of the 

 United States Fishery Commission, the number of species has been nearly 

 doubled. The genus Maynea was known by a species taken at the Straits of 

 Magellan, the "Albatross" has added a species from the eastern tropical 

 Pacific. 



From near the Galapagos it has added one species to Gymnelis, hitherto 

 known from the Arctic extensions of Atlantic and Pacific ; four species to 

 Lycodes, one to Lycodopsis, heretofore known only from the northeastern 

 Pacific and from Japan, and one to Pluicocoetes, a genus supposed to be con- 

 fined to the waters around the southern extremity of South America. It has 

 also extended the horizontal range of Lycodapus more toward the equator, 

 by means of specimens of a previously described species, and has brought to 

 light from the section about the Galapagos three new species that find their 

 nearest allies in the genus Bothrocara. The greatest depth yet noted for 

 the Zoarcida3 is that o^ Lycodes albus Vaill, taken by the "Talisman" in the 

 eastern middle Atlantic at 2173 fathoms. The present collections carry the 

 vertical distribution of Maynea downward to a depth of 1471 fathoms, 

 and that of Gynnielis is extended 1530 fathoms, to a depth of 1793 

 fathoms. None of the Atlantic species have yet been proved to occur in 

 the Pacific. It is true Goode and Bean assert, 1896, Oc. leh., p. 527, that 

 Lycodes paxillus G. B. has been taken " off the coast of southern California, 

 in 603 fathoms," but the reference they give contains nothing whatever in 

 support of the statement. 



In regard to the affinities of the specimens from the equatorial Pacific it 

 may be said that the species of Lycodes are rather more close to those of the 

 northeastern Pacific than to those of the northern Atlantic or to those of the 

 far south. Nothing can be said of the affinities of the species of Maynea 

 from Magellan's straits because of the dearth of particulars in its description. 

 Lf/codopsis scaiirns is closely allied to species fro:n the northward in the Pa- 

 cific, while Phucocoetes finds its ally at the southern extremity of South 

 America. Gymnelis has a not particularly close ally in the northern Atlan- 

 tic and another of which few particulars are known in the northern Pacific. 

 Taken altogether the closest affinities of the species under study appear to 

 be with those toward the north along the western coasts of North America 



