SPATANGUS. 233 



labrum, and the presence of large primaries in interambulacrum 5, while the 

 pedicellariae also offer some differences. It is easily distinguished from its 

 Hawaiian congener pulchellus by the form and tuberculation of the test, the 

 labrum and sternum, and the composition of the subanal plastron. 



Station 3912. Off Diamond Head Light, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands. Bott. 

 temp. 43°. 310-334 fms. Fne. gy. s., m. 



Station 4081. Off Puniawa Point, Maui, H. I. Bott. temp. 51.4°. 202- 

 220 fms. Gy. s., for. 



Seven specimens and a fragment. 



Spatangus. 



O. F. Muller, 1776. Zool. Dan. Prod., p. 236 (Spalagus). 

 Type, Spatangus purpureus O. F. Muller, 1776, loc. cil. 



There seems to be no doubt that in the first post-Linnaean use of this 

 generic name, it was spelled without the n, conforming to Linne's specific name 

 in Echinus spatagus. But since such spelling is etymologically incorrect and 

 has been avoided by all subsequent writers, it would be highly objectionable 

 to revive it, and I therefore treat Miiller's early spelling as a slip of the pen. 

 Lambert's suggestions regarding Spatangus and other echinoid names, I cannot 

 discuss because he harks back to pre-Linnaean authors. The changes he pro- 

 poses are most annoying and quite unnecessary, and in the case of Spatangus 

 at least contrary to both the letter and spirit of the International- Code. 



The genus is a well-defined and wide-spread group, occurring chiefly in 

 the shallow waters of the northern hemisphere but extending southward in the 

 eastern Atlantic to the Cape of Good Hope region. Two thirds of the species 

 here recognized have been described in the past dozen years, during which period 

 special attention has been given the Recent forms by Doderlein (1906) Morten- 

 sen (1907, 1913), and myself (1908). Mortensen in particular has given special 

 attention to the pedicellariae, but these organs are of little use for either generic 

 or specific distinctions. The globiferous and ophicephalous are usually wanting, 

 but the ophicephalous are found not rarely on young specimens. Rostrate 

 pedicellariae have not been found in the genus as yet. The number of primary 

 tubercles on the dorsal side of the test, and the form, position, and composition 

 of the subanal plastron, are the features which provide the best specific characters, 

 but the form of the test and of the stout tridentate pedicellariae may be of use. 



