SPATANGUS CALIFORNICUS. 235 



Spatangus raschi. 



Lov6n, 1869. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh. Stockholm, 26, p. 733. 



This species was long confused with the preceding as it too ranges from 

 Norway to the Azores. It occurs in somewhat deeper water as a rule, the 

 bathymetrical range being 100-805 fms. It is not known from the Mediter- 

 ranean. 



Spatangus capensis. 



Doderlein, 1905. Zool. Anz., 28, p. 624. 



This species has been recorded from South African waters as S. raschi 

 but seems to be constantly distinguishable. Its bathymetrical range is 40-280 

 fms. 



Spatangus californicus, sp. nov. 

 Plates 146, fig. 20; 149, fig. 4; 156, figs. 1-3; 157, fig. 10. 



The form of the test, as well as the size, of the holotype is shown in the 

 figures (PI. 156, figs. 2, 8; 157, fig. 10) but there is no little diversity shown in 

 the series of specimens at hand. The largest specimen is 67 mm. long, 62 mm. 

 wide and 34 mm. high, while another is 66 mm. long, 65 mm. wide and 32 mm. 

 high. The lack of perfect bilateral symmetry which has been noticed in other 

 members of the genus is to be seen in this species also. The apical system is 

 subcentral and the petals radiate out from it at almost equal angles. The 

 petals are long and narrow and taper very distinctly towards each end. The 

 tuberculation of the test with its numerous primary tubercles is well shown in 

 the figure (PI. 156, fig. 3). The periproct is wider than long and is close to the 

 upper edge of the nearly vertical posterior end. The subanal plastron is large, 

 its length in proportion to its width is considerable, and the surface is markedly 

 convex; three ambulacral plates, with two large tube-feet, enter into its com- 

 position on each side (PI. 149, fig. 4)- The position of the plastron is so nearly 

 vertical that its most anterior (orad) point is 54 mm. from the anterior end of 

 the test in interambulacrum 2, or .88 of test-length. The form of the peristome, 

 labrum, and sternum, and the width of the bare, ventral ambulacra are all 

 clearly shown in the photograph (PI. 156, fig. 2). The color of the bare test is 

 dull purple above becoming gray on the sides and dirty yellowish beneath. 

 The spines, however, which clothe the test densely, are, in preserved specimens, 

 pale clingy brown, with no indication of purple. 



