236 TiMEHRI. 



posseSised of a thorough knowledge of the work which is 

 going on about him can effeflually prevent all sorts of 

 stoppages in the grinding, and inferior working of the 

 various machines, which will render his personal services 

 of the utmost value and importance to his employer, and 

 highly satisfa6tory to himself. He certainly will not 

 have to complain any more about tediousness, and want 

 of interest in his position as so many young building over- 

 seers have done to me. A more general proof of this is to 

 be found in the fa6l that all countries which have adopted 

 diffusion, as France, Germany, Holland, &c., have found 

 it necessary to open schools for young men who wished 

 to become sugar manufa6lurers ; these schools provide 

 them with pra6lical instru6lion for testing the raw mate- 

 rial, and the various products throughout the buildings, 

 for calculating the recovery of sugar, to teach them 

 what is understood by clarification, and what means are 

 at our disposal to effe6t it, as well as what conditions 

 must be fulfilled to attain the highest possible recovery 

 of ist Sugar. 



The handling of a diffusion battery requires the utmost 

 care. The size of the chips, the filling of each cell with 

 these, the presence of more or less trash, the temperature 

 of the juice heater between the cells, and finally the 

 drawing of juice at the juice measure, are all according 

 to prevailing circumstances of great and manifold im- 

 portance to each other, making the final aim of obtaining 

 a satisfa6lory and complete exhaustion of the chips, 

 along with a minimum dilution, a by no means easy and 

 simple matter. 



The next thing is that diffusion requires continuous 

 grinding, and in so far puts increased responsibility and 



